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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption Fa yi xue za zhi

Submission Deadline
03 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 04 )
Upcoming Publication
31 Mar 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 03 )

Aim and Scope :

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:

Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering

IMPACT OF EXTREMELY SEVERE CYCLONIC STORM - FANI ON IMPORTANT TREES AND THEIR HEIGHT

Paper ID- AMA-17-12-2022-11892

The East Coast of India is one of the six most cyclone-prone areas in the world. The Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm ‘Fani’ made landfall on 3rd May 2019 morning near Puri on Odisha coast, India with wind speed of 170-180 kmph gusting to 250 kmph and emerged into Bangladesh on 4th May evening as a Cyclonic Storm. Immediately after cyclone, an extensive inventory was made in the four most affected districts such as Puri, Khordha, Cuttack and Jagatsinghpur and 35 common tree species which attain more than 20m height in such areas were evaluated at 4 different heights (5-10, 10-15, 15-20 and >20m). Borassus flabellifer (Palmyra palm) was found to be most resistant followed by Phoenix sylvestris, Alstonia scholaris, Polyalthia longifolia, Cocos nucifera, Areca catechu, etc. On the other hand Moringa oleifera (Drumstic) was affected maximum. Irrespective of species, the impact of Fani was high on trees of more height than trees of less height.

Farming systems typology to understanding diversity of water limited farming systems of peninsular India.

Paper ID- AMA-16-12-2022-11891

Targeted technical interventions for diverse farming systems is a challenge in emerging countries like India. Typologies may be used as tools for dealing with farming system heterogeneity. This is achieved by classifying farms into groups that have common characteristics i.e. farm types which can support the implementation of more tailored approach to agricultural development. This article explored patterns of farming system diversity through classification of 72 farm households in two districts (Warangal and Medak) in Telangana region of Peninsular India. Based on survey data collected during 2013 and 2017, the typology constructed using multivariate statistical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Results proposed two major farm types, classified on the basis of household, land use, livestock and income variables explaining the structural and functional difference between farm types. Type 1 was characterized by marginal farm households with cereals especially rice and livestock based farming system and ample off farm/nonfarm activities. Where as in type 2 was characterized by smaller household with maize and cash based cropping systems and farm income provided mostly by cash and maize crop sales and less livestock activity. Cereal intensity was high in type 1 than type 2 as type1 households major concern is food crop production oriented. In animal component the main difference was buffalo population was high in type1 than type2. Degree of diversification was high in type2 as maize and cash crops were major base crops. Type 1 marginal holdings were in survival strategy and small holdings of type2 were in developing mode strategy. Marginal holders were coping the income with off farm/nonfarm activities for income improvement which was higher in type1 where as in type2 were adopting towards diversification strategy for income gain, so off farm activity was less. This study indicates that, typology demarcation facilitates in identification of type-specific farm household prospects and limitations for suitable agricultural development policy. It is required for further studies to develop research project.

Molecular detection of Pasteurella multocida Type A from Japanese quail chicks in the Cauvery delta region of Tamilnadu

Paper ID- AMA-16-12-2022-11890

Fowl cholera is an acute, fatal septicemic disease of various domestic and wild bird species, which is responsible for significant loss in poultry husbandry. The present study was carried out to find out the cause for mortality in quail chicks in Thanjavur district of Tamilnadu, India. The farmer reported that out of 2000 quail chicks in the broiler farm 213 nine day old quail chicks were died suddenly with a history of dullness, depression and mucous discharge from the mouth. Based on the report 20 heart swabs were collected from the dead birds. The targeted bacteria from the samples were isolated, identified and characterized based on their morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical characters. The organisms were gram negative and appeared singly or pairs in Gram staining, whereas in Leishman’s stain, bipolar shaped organisms were observed. All tested samples were found positive for Pasteurella multocida. Three suspected cultures were subjected to molecular characterization using the Pasteurella multocida species specific primers for KMT1 gene found to be positive for Pasteurella multocida. In type specific PCR reaction, using specific primer which gave positive results for 511 bp gene fragment of capE gene were confirmed as P. multocida Type A. Study shows P. multocida type A is prevalent in quail chicks hence care must be taken to control of the disease.

BIOPROSPECTING OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST FOOD PATHOGENS

Paper ID- AMA-15-12-2022-11888

Lactic acid bacteria are Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) and have long been used as natural biopreservatives. Lactic acid bacterial cultures were isolated from different fermented food samples viz., cumbu gruel, cold rice, milk fermented by green chilli, palmyrah fruit, mango pickle, sauerkraut and fermented finger millet and neera. They were screened for their antimicrobial activity against common food borne pathogens viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E.coli and spoilage organisms from spoiled potato, papaya, intestine of goat and hen and fish waste. Among the isolated cultures, cultures from cumbu gruel (CS and CT) exhibited the maximum antimicrobial activity. Out of twenty six fractions eluted for CS and CT, only three viz., CT-5, CT-7 and CS-2 exhibited maximum antimicrobial activity. These three fractions were further analysed in HPLC which distinguished CT-7 fraction with a discrete and unique peak. GC-MS analysis was done for this particular fraction of CT-7 and the compound was identified as hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester. 16S rRNA partial gene sequencing identified CS culture as Streptococcus thermophilus and CT culture as Lactobacillus coryniformis. Bioefficacy testing of CT metabolite showed that CT and CT+CS treated samples of papaya, raw fish, raw meat did not exhibit any spoilage. After 40 days, the potatoes started sprouting in the untreated control whereas potatoes treated with CT and CS+CT did not show any symptoms of sprouting and softening. The study concluded CT culture from fermented cumbu gruel as a potential candidate with antimicrobial activity against common food pathogens and food spoilage organisms, and could be effectively used as a food biopreservative for extended shelf life of foods.

Individual behavior recognition of laying hens based on improved Faster R-CNN

Paper ID- AMA-14-12-2022-11886

Animal behavior is an important indicator of animal welfare evaluation, is the entry point of accurate poultry breeding, and for poultry farming, due to the small size of chickens and large breeding scale, automatic monitoring, especially individual monitoring has great difficulties, the realization of PLF of chicken farms is a difficult problem, in view of this problem, this paper proposes a method based on improving Faster R-CNN for individual behavior recognition of laying hens. The VGG16 in the Faster R-CNN object detection network was replaced with the ResNet50 network, and the RPN was improved, the number of proposals was reduced, the ROI increased, and the accuracy was improved, which could automatically identified the four basic behaviors of individual laying hens of standing, lying down, feeding and drinking. Simulate the construction of the living environment of laying hens in real state, collected videos of laying hens in natural state as input, divided the videos into pictures, and identify individual behaviors of 3200 pictures, and the recognition rates of standing, lying down, feeding and drinking water were 96.4%, 92%, 86.3% and 80.2%, respectively. At the same time, it can reduce the contact between farmers and chickens, and increase the safety of biological epidemic control.