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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
25 Sep 2021 (Vol - 52 , Issue- 01 )
31 Oct 2021 (Vol - 52 , Issue 01 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Azerbaijan Medical JournalAgricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Regulation of technological load on soils
The article considers the justification of the feasibility of using technological normatives to regulate the load on soils and eliminate their degradation, energy assessment of the impact of agricultural machinery, agronomic measures and technology in crop production on the indicators of structural and aggregate, humus and biological activity of soil. In the conditions of stationary experiment in the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine it is revealed that more than 60 years of use of meadow-chernozem soil under traditional system of cultivation with use of shelf plowing and various fertilization options: P60, P60K60, N90P60K60, N135P90K90 in 10-field crop rotation (clover, winter wheat, sugar beet, corn for silo, spring wheat, green peas, winter wheat, sugar beet, corn for grain, barley with clover) with did not significantly worsen any of the parameters of agrophysical and humus state, biological activity, quantitative and species composition of the microbiological pool. On the basis of the conducted researches the conceptual mathematical model of iteration, degradation of soil for soil protection systems of agriculture estimation is developed. Soil agrophysical indicators have different informativeness and different sensitivity. The sum of elementary soil particles and water resistance of aggregates by weighted average diameter, the amount of non-aggregated clay change quite easily under the influence of tillage, while the sum of water-resistant aggregates (> 0.25 mm), Bever and Roades aggregation coefficient and total clay content remain weakly sensitive. The humus content is the main indicator that determines the potential fertility of the soil. The newly formed "young" fractions (primarily labile humus) are the most sensitive to changes in cultivation technology, in contrast to the content of total humus. The guarantor of the quasi-stable humus state is the stability of the agrophysical framework of the soil system and the harmony of the microbiological pool, the quantitative and species composition of which determine the balance of the processes of synthesis and mineralization of humus. Energy assessment of technologies for growing crops in long-term field experiments allowed to determine technological normatives (Tn - the ratio of energy of crop residues to energy of fuels and fertilizers, the reduction of which begins soil degradation): for meadow- chernozem soil - 8.6.
Fodder productivity of different meadow clover varieties depending on the elements of growing technology
The article presents the results of research for 2018-2020 concerning formation of fodder productivity by the dry mass outcome of meadow clover different varieties per 1 ha depending on the methods of sowing on different backgrounds of fertilizers on typical low-humus black soils of Forest-steppe of Ukraine. On average, in the first three years of life and usage, meadow clover provides productivity of dry mass outcome per 1 ha - 8.22-9.88 tons, which depends little on sowing methods. When inoculating seeds with nodule bacteria in combination with application of fertilizer in the doze of N60P60K90 the productivity increases by 8-12% comparing to the variant without fertilizers. And, with separate application of fertilizers (Р60K90 or N60P60K90) or inoculation of seeds on the background without fertilizers the productivity increases only by 4-6%. Among fertilizers, the highest payback from 1 kg of fertilizer (6-7 kg of dry mass) is provided by application of N60 on the background of Р60K90. In the first year, sowing under the cover of spring barley provides 22-25% higher productivity than uncovered sowing, and in the second and the third years, uncovered sowing provides 7-10% higher productivity than sowing under the cover of spring barley. The most productive variety is Typhoon, which is 0.10-0.66 t/ha of dry mass superior to the varieties Lybid and Tina. Fertilizer factor is the most influential by dry mass outcome per 1 ha, and in the first year - the method of sowing with a share of 55%.
Productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) with different methods of cultivation on soddy-podzolic soils
Research results on study of the influence of different methods of cultivation on performance of oat on soddy-podzolic soils under the conditions of the Eastern Carpathian Foothills of Ukraine are given. Plowing to a depth of 20-22 cm and 14-16 cm has been established to form the highest yield of oat grains at the level of 3.5-3.45 t/ha, which is 0.2-0.15 t/ha more than surface tillage. Maximum protein content has appeared to be when plowing the soil to 20-22 cm - 9.7%. Herewith, natural weight of oat grains decreased by 1.9%, and hull content increased by 3.6 relative percent compared to disk plowing.
Preparation of Fish Ham Using Low Value Fish by mixing Red Meat of Tuna Chunks and its Quality Attributes
The fish and fishery products represent an excellent option as a major source of nutrients. The consummation of fish is compatible with the reduction of various diseases. The objective of the current study was to prepare the ham using low-value fish mixing with red meat of tuna chunk and its proximate composition and sensory attribute. The low-value fish bull's eye and Tuna were collected from the Mangalore landing center. The preliminary quality of raw material was analyzed. Fish ham was prepared by mixing fish paste and cured tuna cubes (60:40). The obtained results for the preliminary quality of raw material showed that all the biochemical, microbiological parameters were within an acceptable range and raw material was fit for the preparation of Fish ham. The results of proximate composition revealed that the fish ham is a good source of protein, fat, and ash contents that are required in human diets. The result of the sensory score of the sensory attributes overall acceptability showed 8.50 from the 9.00 hedonic scale which indicates the excellent results from the human acceptability point of view. The current study developed the process protocol of fish ham preparation using low-value fish underutilized and fetched a low price in the market.
Genome Modification for Improving Quality and Productivity of Horticultural Crops
Horticulture crops are the important part of human’s life as they provide many valuable products. Efforts are continuously going on to improve the quality of these crops by modifying their genome. Previously, researchers have introgressed new traits from their crossable relatives by using conventional breeding. However, the conventional breeding is time-consuming and tedious due to the loss of the genetic diversity by domestication and less availability of the donor species. With the advent of sequencing technology, it becomes easier to screen the genome of the wild relatives. Though, due to the incompatibility of the wild relatives with the cultivated ones, it becomes difficult to introgress new traits by crossing. To overcome these barriers, other techniques including tissue culture, mutagenesis and genetic engineering have been developed to modify the genome of the crops. The combination of these techniques along with the breeding has greatly enhanced the quality and productivity of the horticulture crops. Till date various horticulture crops has been genetically modified and released as commercial varieties. This review insight the techniques of the genome modification used to improve the horticulture crops.