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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

Submission Deadline
26 Sep 2023 (Vol - 54 , Issue- 09 )
Upcoming Publication
30 Sep 2023 (Vol - 54 , Issue 09 )

Aim and Scope :

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:

Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering

Effect of stabilization methods on bioactive components and stability indicators of wheat bran

Paper ID- AMA-25-08-2023-12544

The present investigation was undertaken with the objective to determine the best stabilization method which would safely preserve the wheat bran. For the stabilization of wheat bran, different methods (microwave heating (2450 MHz for 3 minutes), hot air oven (120℃ for 10 minutes), autoclave (121℃ at 15 psi), roasting (190℃ for 10 minutes) and chemical (ethanol 95%) were used and their effect on bioactive components and stability indicators were studied. The results showed significant increase in water activity from 0.542 to 0.607, moisture content from 7.19 to 7.88 %, free fatty acid (4.88 to 7.08 % as oleic acid), peroxide value (3.22 to 11.25 meq/Kg) during 90 days of storage. Among stabilization methods, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity varied from 168.38 to 356.70 mg GAE/100g and 38.31 to 56.56%, respectively. Considering the role of water activity, moisture, free fatty acid, peroxide value and total microbial count in storage stability, microwave stabilization was found to be the most effective stabilization methods, followed by hot air oven and autoclave methods. After 90 days of storage, stabilized wheat bran samples were found to be shelf stable.

Effect of abiotic factors on the incidence of major sucking insect pests and their natural enemies associated with cluster bean, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (Linn.) Taub. in Semi-Arid Region of Rajasthan

Paper ID- AMA-25-08-2023-12543

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Farm, College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner to study the effect of abiotic factors on the incidence of major sucking insect pests and their natural enemies associated with cluster bean, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (Linn.) Taub. during kharif season 2015 and 2016. The invasion of major sucking insect pests, jassid, Empoasca motti Pruthi; whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn) and aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch commenced in the second week of August (33rd standard meteorological week, SMW) during 2015 as well as 2016 and reached at their peak in the first and second week of September i.e., 37th and 38th SMW. The population of jassid at peak period was 14.80 &15.50 and that of whitefly was 15.85 & 17.20 per 3 leaves during 2015 and 2016 respectively. The population of aphid reached at the peak in first week of September (36th SMW) and it was 7.80 and 6.85 per 3 leaves in the respective years. There was significant negative correlation of the population of jassid (r=-0.65*) and whitefly (r= -0.63*) with relative humidity during 2015. The correlation of the population of aphid (r=0.55*) with relative humidity was significantly positive in 2016. The correlation of the population of jassid (r= 0.47*, 0.63*) and whitefly (r= 0.52*, 0.72*) with maximum temperature was significantly positive in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The correlation of the population of aphid (r=0.55*, 0.52*) with minimum temperature was significantly positive in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The population of Coccinella septempunctata L. had significant positive correlation with the population of jassid (r= 0.89*, 0.95**), whitefly (r= 0.78*, 0.96**) and aphid (r= 0.55*, 0.56*) during both the years. The population of Chrysoperla carnea showed significant positive correlation with the population of jassid (r= 0.66*, 0.85*) and whitefly (r= 0.53*, 0.91**) but non-significant with aphid C. carnea during both the years.

Genetic diversity through D2 and cluster analysis for structural and economic traits in yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata var sesquipedalis L.) under rainfed semi-arid conditions of Gujarat

Paper ID- AMA-25-08-2023-12542

The experiment was carried out at Central Horticultural Experiment Station, ICAR- CIAH Godhra, Gujarat. The genetic diversity was assessed to seventy genotypes of yardlong bean for three consecutive growing seasons during 2020, 2021 and 2022 for nine quantitative traits viz., plant height, number of branches per plant number of pods per plant, pod length, pod girth, pod weight, Days to first flower, days to fist harvest and pod yield per plant. The maximum inter cluster D2 value was observed between cluster I and cluster IV (54.85) followed by cluster II and cluster IV (51.83) which exhibits the wider genetic diversity which showed the wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of these clusters. The contribution of individual character to genetic divergence mainly comes from the traits like pod length (30.35%), pod weight (21.74%), number of pods per plant (19.92%), days to first flowering (15.82%). The various patterns of clusters shows the valuable traits for attaining high pod yield was present in cluster IV followed by cluster V. The cluster IV having higher mean values with respect to plant height, number of branches per plant, pods per plant and pod yield per plant. Whereas, the cluster V having higher mean values for pod length, pod girth and pod weight. The cluster II having higher mean values for earliness like days to first flowering and days to first harvest. Thus, more weightage should be given to the cluster IV and cluster V for yield and yield attributes and clusters II for earliness for parental selection and development of variety in future breeding programme of yardlong bean.

Studies of Phenological growth stages of different Psidium guajava L cultivar through BBCH scale under subtropical condition

Paper ID- AMA-24-08-2023-12541

Phenological growth stages of different varieties (Lalit, Shweta, Allahabad Safeda, Dharidar and HPSI 46) guava was observed according to BBCH scale and the data were recorded in different stages in days. Earliest Bud swelling, bud growth begins and first leaves sprouting was found earliest Dharwar. Minimum number of days taken for leaves unfolded in Cv. HPSI 46, minimum days was recorded to complete leaves development in cultivar shweta, while Allahabad Safeda showed earliest flower buds. Least days taken to express of first flower buds, flower petals elongating and sepals totally opened found by cultivars Shweta, Lalit and Allahabad Safeda respectively. The minimum days required by cultivars Shweta and Allahabad Safeda to produce 50% flowers open, petal fall and fruit setting respectively.

Evaluation of bottle gourd variety Thar Avani under rainfed semi-arid conditions for morphological traits along with antioxidant potentiality and mineral content

Paper ID- AMA-23-08-2023-12537

The present study was conducted at ICAR-Central Horticultural Experiment Station (CIAH-RS), Godhra, Gujarat during 2021-2022. The correlation coefficients among antioxidants, nutritional and physiological traits of bottle gourd varieties calculated and summarized by using the BLUPs. A strong positive correlation was found in CUPRAC with DPPH (r=1.00; P≤0.01). High mag-nitude and non significant correlation was found in TF with CUPRAC and DPPH (r = +0.96). Among 29 physiological traits in bottle gourd varieties, highly significant correlation in FL and FW with FG and NFMF, respectively (r=+1.00; P≤0.05) were observed. Likewise, FW with FL (r=+1.00; P≤0.001). High magnitude and significant correlation was found between IL and LPL (r=+1.00; P≤0.01). Similarly, High magnitude and significant correlation links were noticed in NFFF (r=+1.00; P≤0.01), DFFA (r=+1.00; P≤0.05) and NMFP (r=+1.00; P≤0.01) with LW; DFFA with NFFF(r=+1.00; P≤0.05); NMFP with NFFF (r=+1.00; P≤0.05); NFP with NFFP with NFFF(r=+1.00; P≤0.01); SYH with SYP with NFFF(r=+1.00; P≤0.001); FYP with SYP (r=+0.99; P≤0.01), SYH (r=+0.99; P≤0.01) and PL (r=+1.00; P≤0.01); FYH with SYP (r=+0.99; P≤0.01), SYH (r=+0.99; P≤0.01), PL (r=+1.00; P≤0.01) and FYP (r=+1.00; P≤0.001); RT with NSF (r=+1.00; P≤0.05); AAS with NSF (r=+1.00; P≤0.05) and RT (r=+1.00; P≤0.001); SYF with NSF (r=+1.00; P≤0.05). The most important component (PC I) accounted for 2.82E+01 of the eigen value of various traits of viz., TF, P, Mg, Mn, LL, LW, LPL, IL, NFMF, NFFF, DFFA, NFFP, FL, FG, PdL and FW contributed significantly towards variation and remaining contributed nega-tively in PC I. High PCV and GCV were recorded for the TF (24.5398 and 25.1457), LPL (32.812 and 33.0797), IL (26.4953 and 26.6832), NFFF (44.5599 and 45.3748), DFFA (23.9766 and 24.1199), NFFP (60.336 and 61.3191), NMFP (26.8572 and 27.2372), FL (30.2802 and 31.4789), FG (50.0635 and 50.2592), FW (66.1507 and 66.3744), NFP (66.752 and 68.1876), FYP (37.6462 and 38.6746), FYH (37.6464 and 38.6749), SYP (74.9487 and 76.552) and SYH (74.9489 and 76.5522). Moderate PCV and GCV were recorded for antioxidants viz. TP (16.1697 and 16.3706), CUPRAC (17.4532 and 18.1472), FRAP (18.232 and 18.9743), AAF (10.8654 and 10.9649); mineral content including Ca (10.9894 and 13.2227); and physiological traits viz. PL (11.5225 and 15.8628), LL (10.3656 and 10.8454), LW (11.6807 and 12.3559), PdL (10.8469 and 11.4547), RT (19.414 and 19.6855), FT (10.2848 and 10.748), AAF (10.5699 and 11.5069), and SYF (14.5073 and 14.7749). High genetic advance was observed for TP (22.07%), AAF (21.38%), K (67.44%), DFFA (29.85%), NFFP (23.64%), FL (25.74%), FG (49.31%), FW (99.61%), FT (22.68%), NFP (25.29%), NSF (22.62%), FYP (26.93%), FYH (23.88%) and SYP (45.51%).