AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2025)
27 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue- 11 )
30 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue 11 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPLEX PCR FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF IMPORTANT TICK-BORNE HEMOPARASITES OF CATTLE
This study aimed to develop a multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Theileria annulata, Babesia. bigemina and Anaplasma marginale infections and their carrier status in cattle reared in the different agro-geoclimatic regions of Tamil Nadu, India. The primers for this mPCR were designed from the Cytochrome b gene, 18s rRNA and 16s rRNA for T.annulata, B.bigemina and A.marginale respectively. The specificity of this PCR was 100 per cent for detecting T. annulata and A. marginale and 96 per cent for B.bigemina. The sensitivity of this PCR for detecting the DNA (ng/ml) of T.annulata, B.bigemina and A.marginale was 1.10, 2.09 and 2.59, respectively. Investigations with field samples revealed successful detection of single, double and multiple infections of T.annulata, B.bigemina and A.marginale.
Design, Simulation Analysis, and Experiment on Excavation Device of Self-Propelled Panax Noto-ginseng Combine Harvester
Aiming to address the problems of decreasing the performance rate, high soil resistance, and high damage rate in mechanized harvesting of Panax Notoginseng in hilly and mountainous areas, the self-propelled Panax Notoginseng combine harvester has been designed. The key Working components of the harvester work on separating them from the soil, lifting, and collecting Panax Notoginseng in a single operation. Two shovel types of excavation shovels were tested as the research point to increase performance and decrease the damage rate by selecting the optimum operation parameter via theoretical analysis and mechanical calculation. Two types of excavation shovels (arch and flat) with the three-dimensional model were designed by SolidWorks software and established, then tested and analyzed under three parameters: working speeds of 0.5m/s, 0.7m/s, and 0.9m/s, excavation depths of 140mm, 170mm, and 200mm, and penetration angle of 12◦, 15◦, and 17◦. The results show that the stress, strain, and total deformation of the arch excavation shovel were lower than that of the flat excavation shovel. The EDEM simulation results indicate that the minimal soil resistance of the arch and flat shovels were 163 N and 550 N, respectively. The field experiment results showed that the working speed of 0.7 m/s, the excavation depth of 170 mm, and the penetration angle of 15° were the optimum harvesting parameters that provide a harvest rate of 95.30%, 95.07%, and damage rate of 2.28%, 3.12% for arch and flat shovels respectively.
Economic Analysis of Soyabean Cultivation in Rajasthan State
This study was confined to analyze about the cost of cultivation of soyabean in Jhalawar district of Rajasthan. Soyabean is a valued crop and provides nutritious food for an expanding world population and will become increasingly important with climate change. Soyabean is looked upon not merely as means to supply food for humans and animals, but it also improves the soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Finally, 100 soyabean cultivators from selected villages were selected randomly in proportion to their total number in each size farm group for detailed study. Primary data were collected for agricultural year of 2022-23 and analyzed through various techniques and tools for drawing relevant conclusion. The study of cost of cultivation revealed that, on an average, total cost of cultivation of soyabean was ₹ 37613.83 per hectare. It was highest (₹ 38243.08 per hectare) on small farm and lowest (₹ 36865.49 per hectare) on large farm. Overall gross returns, net returns, farm business income and farm labour income were ₹55363.44, ₹ 17749.60, ₹33518.82 and ₹20242.15 per hectare. Cost of production was highest (₹ 3436.04 per quintal) for small farms and lowest for large farms (₹ 2965.85 per quintal) with an overall average of ₹3186.67 per quintal. On an average, output-input ratio was ₹147.19. For beneficial production of soyabean, it suggested that sufficient labour management in the field should be there. The cultivators should encourage giving an adequate place to soyabean in the cropping pattern at their farm through stakeholder like, Progressive Farmers.
Histopathological Characterization and Lesion Scoring System for Marek's Disease-Associated Comb Lesions in Commercial Layer Chickens
Marek's disease (MD) remains a significant concern in commercial poultry, with comb lesions serving as important diagnostic indicators. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characterize the histopathological features of MD-associated comb lesions in commercial layer chickens. Fifty comb samples exhibiting gross MD-like lesions were collected from 25 commercial layer farms in Namakkal District and Thalaivasal (Salem District), Tamil Nadu, India. Affected birds ranged from 36 to 58 weeks of age. Samples underwent comprehensive gross pathological examination, histopathological analysis with standardized scoring, and molecular confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Gross examination revealed characteristic pale, thickened comb bases in the majority of cases, with some birds showing additional swelling, ulceration, and scab formation. Histopathological examination confirmed MD in 20 of 50 samples (40% positivity rate). A standardized scoring system (0-5) was developed based on pleomorphic lymphoid cell (PLC) infiltration patterns. Distribution of lesion scores was: Score 0 (no lesions) - 30 cases (60%); Score 1 (multifocal mild perivascular PLC infiltration) - 10 cases (20%); Score 2 (focal moderate perivascular PLC infiltration with vasculitis and hyperkeratosis) - 3 cases (6%); Score 3 (multifocal moderate perivascular PLC infiltration) - 2 cases (4%); Score 4 (diffuse moderate perivascular PLC infiltration) - 3 cases (6%); and Score 5 (diffuse severe PLC infiltration extending to comb center with vascular congestion) - 2 cases (4%). Progressive disease severity correlated with increasing lymphoid cell infiltration from perivascular regions to central comb tissue. PCR analysis provided molecular confirmation of MD virus presence in histologically positive cases. This study establishes a 40% diagnostic confirmation rate for clinically suspected MD cases in commercial layers from Tamil Nadu. The developed histopathological scoring system effectively categorizes disease severity based on lymphoid infiltration patterns. Combined histopathological and molecular diagnostic approaches provide robust confirmation of MD, contributing to improved disease surveillance and control strategies in commercial poultry operations. The predominant involvement of mature laying hens (36-58 weeks) suggests the importance of monitoring MD in older commercial flocks.
Managing chilli wilt disease in the hills of Uttarakhand caused by Fusarium solani through potential strains of the Trichoderma spp.
The present study aimed to isolate, characterize, and evaluate native Trichoderma isolates for the eco-friendly management of wilt disease of chilli caused by Fusarium solani, which is considered the most common fungal species associated with chilli. Chilli wilt disease is a significant threat worldwide, resulting in 50-80% yield losses during severe outbreaks. In the present investigation, seventy soil samples were collected from seven districts of Uttarakhand, viz. Tehri, Nainital, Pauri, Bageshwar, Uttarkashi, Almora and Chamoli, and the elevation ranged from 1370 m to 3200 m above the mean sea level. The soil samples were used to isolate Trichoderma isolates, and the method adopted for isolation was the serial soil dilution plate method on the Trichoderma-specific medium (TSM). The Trichoderma isolates were characterized based on cultural, morphological and microscopic observations. Further, potential Trichoderma isolates were evaluated for their antagonistic activity, antibiosis activity, change in pH and phosphate solubilizing activity under in-vitro conditions. After in-vitro screening, seven putative novel Trichoderma isolates viz., TB1, TS26, TS18, TS23, TCH6, TDG, and TS40 were selected. Further, they were evaluated as bio-control agents using seed bio-priming technique for the wilt disease suppression in chilli caused by Fusarium solani under glasshouse conditions. In the present investigation, the performance of potential Trichoderma isolates was found to be significantly superior to T2 (Fusarium inoculated soil; Negative control) with respect to wilt disease suppression. Among all the treatments, T8 ( Fusarium inoculated soil + Seed biopriming with Trichoderma isolate TDG) having a value of 90%, recorded a maximum Percent Disease Reduction (PDR), followed by T3 (Fusarium inoculated soil + Seed biopriming with Trichoderma isolate TB1), with a PDR of 86.67% which was found to be statistically at par with T8 , while T9 (Fusarium inoculated soil + Seed biopriming with Trichoderma isolate TS40), T4 (Fusarium inoculated soil + Seed biopriming with Trichoderma isolate TS26), T6 (Fusarium inoculated soil + Seed biopriming with Trichoderma isolate TS23) and T7 (Fusarium inoculated soil + Seed biopriming with Trichoderma isolate TCH6) were recorded with values of 73.33%, 70%, 70%, 66.67% and 63.33% PDR respectively. However, no PDR was recorded in T2 (Negative control). This study highlights the potential of Trichoderma spp. as a potential bio-control agent with a broad action spectrum and offers a sustainable alternative to fungicides for managing wilt disease in chilli in the hills of Uttarakhand.