AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2025)
27 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue- 11 )
30 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue 11 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Influence of Anthropogenic Activity and Beach Morphology on Microplastic Abundance, Distribution, and Characteristics in Beach Sands along the Tamil Nadu Coast, India
This study evaluated microplastic pollution in beach sand from three urban beaches in Tamil Nadu, India, namely Marina, Edward Elliot’s and Kovalam beach by comparing abundance, polymer types, shapes, sizes and surface weathering across four beach zones (low tide, intertidal, high tide and backshore) and three anthropogenic intensity levels (low, moderate, high). Overall MP concentrations increase from 50 ± 33 MP kg⁻¹ in the low‑tide zone to 463 ± 213 MP kg⁻¹ in the backshore. Beaches with high anthropogenic zone (361 ± 262 MP kg⁻¹) contained more MPs than moderate (250 ± 169 MP kg⁻¹) or low anthropogenic zone (187 ± 157 MP kg⁻¹). Among the site, Marina Beach (415 ± 254 MP kg⁻¹) was the most polluted, followed by Edward Elliot’s (214 ± 155 MP kg⁻¹) and Kovalam (170 ± 121 MP kg⁻¹). Polyethylene (47%), polypropylene (24%), polyamide (19%) and polystyrene (8%) dominated the polymer profile. Fibers were the most abundant shape, and 0.1–1 mm MP particles accounted for 41% of the total MPs. SEM imaging revealed surface abrasion, cracking, pitting and pore formation, indicating advanced weathering. These patterns point to recreational, tourism and fishing activities as primary MP sources. To safeguard coastal ecosystems, implementation of robust, long‑term waste‑management practices is urgently required.
Histological Assessment of Frozen Storage Effects on Broiler Breast Muscle under Different Packaging and Temperature Conditions
Freezing is the most widely used preservation method for poultry meat; however, prolonged frozen storage can induce structural changes in muscle tissue that ultimately affect meat quality. Histological studies provide valuable insights into the extent of ultrastructural damage during storage under different conditions. In the present study, fresh broiler breast muscle and frozen samples stored under aerobic and vacuum packaging at −12 ºC, −18 ºC, and −24 ºC for up to 12 months were examined histologically to assess the structural integrity of muscle fibres during storage. A total of 270 frozen broiler samples were collected from a commercial processing plant and stored under the specified conditions, while freshly slaughtered breast samples served as controls. Histological evaluation of fresh breast muscle revealed intact fibres with no noticeable structural alterations. Up to 90 days of frozen storage, the muscle tissue maintained its integrity with minimal changes. At 180 days, mild separation of muscle fibres was observed, which may be attributed to proteolytic activity and physical stress during storage. At extended storage periods of 270 and 360 days, clear separation and tearing of fibres and bundles were evident in all treatments, irrespective of storage temperature or packaging method. These changes were likely due to the formation of intracellular ice crystals, which exert mechanical stress on the muscle ultra structure. The study concludes that the histological integrity of broiler breast muscle is preserved up to 90 days of frozen storage, with only minor alterations evident by 180 days, whereas prolonged storage beyond this period results in significant structural damage.
In vitro screening of different essential oils against Alternaria solani causing early blight of potato
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a significant cash and staple crop in Meghalaya, contributing to both local food security and agricultural economies. However, its cultivation faces persistent challenges from fungal diseases, among which early blight, caused primarily by Alternaria solani and occasionally by Alternaria alternata, stands out as a major constraint to production. This disease manifests as necrotic lesions with concentric rings on leaves, stems, and tubers, leading to premature defoliation, reduced photosynthetic capacity, and substantial yield losses. In the present study, an early blight pathogen, Alternaria solani, was isolated from infected potato plants collected from fields in the vicinity of the College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences (CPGS-AS), Umiam, Meghalaya. The isolation and morphological identification of this native putative pathogen were followed by in vitro screening against a range of essential oils to evaluate their antifungal efficacy. Among various essential oils evaluated via the poisoned food technique, clove oil demonstrated complete (100%) inhibition of the pathogen at all concentrations (500, 1000, and 1500 ppm), followed by ginger oil at higher concentrations. This effort aims to identify effective, eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the sustainable management of early blight, tailored to the specific pathogen prevalent in the local agroecological conditions of the region.
RADIOGRAPHIC MORPHOMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM IN HEALTHY DOGS FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY USING NON-IONIC AND IONIC CONTRAST AGENTS
Urinary tract affections in canines are usually associated with variation in renal and bladder size that are indicative of associated disease. So, morphometic measurements help to distinguish between normal and diseased urinary system, guide diagnostic and surgical interventions alongwith monitoring of gradual post treatment recovery. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine normal radiographic morphometric measurement of canine urinary system following intravenous urography using non-ionic (iohexol) and ionic (sodium and meglumine diatrizoate) contrast agents for obtaining reference values. Twelve apparently healthy canines were randomly divided into NICA and ICA group consisting of six animals of either sex in each. Both the contrast agents were administered at the same dose rate i.e.1100 mg I/kg body weight and diluted with an equal amount of 5% dextrose saline solution and infused intravenously over a period of 10-15 minutes under general anaesthesia. Subsequently, ventro-dorsal/lateral radiographs were taken at 5, 15, 30 minutes intervals. The morphometric measurement of kidney length and width, ureter length and diameter, urinary bladder length, width and length of second lumbar vertebrae and its correlation with size of kidney and ureter was done using the in-built calipers in the CR system. Non-significant differences were observed in the radiographic morphometric measurement of the left and right kidney, left and right ureter and urinary bladder between groups NICA and ICA. Urethra could not be visualized in any of the radiographs. Therefore, the present study provides information about the normal radiographic morphometric measurements of the canine urinary system which may be helpful to the practicing veterinarians and clinicians as reference values.
Dissecting Quality Trait Diversity in Nutrient-Enriched Rice Lines Through Principal Component and Genetic Diversity Analyses
The present investigation was conducted during the wet season of 2024 at Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, to assess principal component analysis (PCA) and genetic diversity among fourteen nutrient-rich rice genotypes evaluated in a randomized block design. PCA revealed that the first four principal components had eigenvalues greater than one and together accounted for 71.81% of the total variation. PC1 (24.95% variation) was primarily influenced by days to flowering (DTF), head rice recovery (HRR), grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), and amylose content (AMY), while PC2 (20.80%) was associated with panicle length (PL) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). PC4 contributed 11.20% of the variability, with major loadings from number of tillers (NT), panicle per square meter (PSQM), and zinc content (Zn). Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into three clusters: Cluster I and Cluster II contained six genotypes each, and Cluster III comprised two genotypes. Cluster I genotypes exhibited higher mean values for DTF, HRR, PH, NT, PSQM, and AMY, primarily representing yield-attributing traits. In contrast, Cluster III genotypes showed early flowering along with higher mean values for PL, Zn, Grain protein (P), and GABA, representing yield and quality-enhancing traits. Genotypes from these clusters, possessing complementary and desirable attributes, can serve as potential donors in future hybridization programs aimed at developing nutrient-rich, high-yielding rice varieties.