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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption Fa yi xue za zhi
18 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 04 )
30 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 04 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Optimizing seed germination testing protocol for Hedge Lucerne [Desmanthus virgatus (L) Wild]
Hedge Lucerne [Desmanthus virgatus (L) Wild] is a highly variable perennial legume fodder crop critical for forage needs. However, it encounters challenges due to insufficient availability of quality seeds, attributed to poor seed production potential and limited knowledge in seed production technology. To address this issue and ensure seed quality, research aimed to develop seed testing procedures for Hedge lucerne. The study evaluated the effect of media, temperature and counting time on Hedge lucerne seed germination. Tests incorporated three different media types – top of paper, between paper and sand combined with constant temperatures of 20° C, 25 ° C and 30° C, as well as an alternate temperature of 20/30° C. Results revealed that the between paper method and the alternate temperature of 20/30° C exhibited the most favourable outcomes for seed germination. This combination recorded the highest germination per cent (84 %), root length (11.3 cm), shoot length (5.4 cm), seedling dry weight (23.75 mg/ 10 seedling) and vigour index – I (1994). Moreover, the study identified specific timelines for various germination stages: days required for initiation of germination (2.3days), germination of 50 per cent of seeds first count day (3.5days), onset of seedlings withering (11.7days) and the start of seedling mortality (12.2days). Consequently, it is recommended to take first count on the 4th day and the final count on the 12th day, as seedling withering become noticeable beyond this period in Hedge lucerne.
Effect of Cattle Dung and Gypsum on Growth of Indian Major Carp, Rohu (Labeo rohita) Fry under Sodic Soil Conditions
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Cattle dung and gypsum on the growth performance of Labeo rohita under sodic soil conditions. In a 90-day study, circular tanks having 500-liter water holding capacity were fertilized with seven different treatments viz. Feed+ Soilbase (control), Feed + Soilbase + Cattle dung(@15t/ha/m), Feed+ Soilbase + Cattle dung(@25t/ha/m), Feed+ Soilbase + Cattle dung(@30t/ha/m), Feed + Soilbase+ Cattle dung(@15t/ha/m+ Gypsum@5t/ha), Feed+ Soilbase + Cattle dung(@25t/ha/m+Gypsum@5t/ha), Feed+ Soilbase + Cattle dung(@30t/ha/m+Gypsum@5t/ha) named control, T1,T2,T3,T4, T5 and T6 respectively. Various parameters of water quality such as pH, ammonia, alkalinity, hardness, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, growth parameters like weight gain percentage, SGR, FCR as well as survivability of Labeo rohita fry were also assessed during the experimental period. The initial and final soil parameters such as pH, EC, Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), Organic carbon percentage (OC%), nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, and exchangeable magnesium were also monitored. The growth and water quality parameters were also compared to the control group (where only soil base and feed were given). The objective of this study is to provide general information on sodic soil characteristics and water quality parameters specifically to study the survival and growth of Labeo rohita fry under different treatments of Cattle dung and gypsum which could ultimately enhance the overall soil and water quality. The information can be used to determine appropriate soil management based on soil characteristics so that the unutilized sodic soil can be used for fish production. Exposure of fish at treatment T6 where a higher dose of Cattle dung and gypsum along with soil base and feed was given were found to have significant improvement in fish growth rate, survivability, and water quality. The present result suggested that the application of Cattle dung along with gypsum at (6:1 ratio) improved the survival of Labeo rohita fry and also enhanced its growth.
Uncovering the seed germination and initial vigour potential of quality protein maize inbreds
Quality protein maize assures nutritional security with improved tryptophan and lysine content. Maize inbreds, in general, and QPM inbreds, in specific, suffer from low germination and seed storability. High seed germination and strong vigour of QPM inbreds contribute to the development of QPM hybrids with favourable field establishment and initial vigour. The present study aims to assess the variability in seed germination and vigour of twenty-eight elite QPM inbred lines developed in the QPM breeding programme and to identify the superior ones for further use. The mean germination percentage for all the inbred lines studied was 88.64%, with most inbred lines exceeding the minimum seed standard of 80%. However, a wide variation was observed for two important vigour traits, radicle emergence (RE) and electrical conductivity (EC). The RE varied from 28 to 96%, while the EC ranged from 14.13 to 109.35 µScm-1g-1. Interestingly, the inbreds with high germination showed significant variation in RE and EC. The correlation studies revealed a weak positive correlation between germination and RE while a significant negative correlation between germination and EC. Thus, the inbreds with high germination, good RE (%), and low EC identified from the present study can be used for developing QPM hybrids with good germination and increased initial seed vigour.
Evaluation of Zinc Soil Fractions, Nutrient Status in Soil , Yield of soybean and safflower influenced by long-term effects of Manuring and Inorganic Fertilizers in Soybean and Safflower Cropping Sequence in Typic Haplusterts
The cultivation of soybean – safflower cropping sequence for sixteen years showed the significant variations of different zinc fractions due to different treatments of long term fertilizers in soil were monitored for two consecutive years of 2018-19 and 2019-20 on different fractions of zinc, nutrient status of soil and yield of soybean and safflower in Typic Chromustert of soil. The study encompasses varying chemical fertilizer levels of optimum fertilizer rate (30, 60 and 30 kg ha−1 N, P and K, and 60 and 40 N and P kg ha−1 respectively, for both the crops. The treatments were application of 50% NPK, 100% NPK, 150% NPK, 100% NPK + hand weeding (HW), 100% NPK + Zn, 100% NP, 100% N, 100% NPK + 5 t FYM ha−1, 100% NPK(-S) and unfertilized control. The pooled data on grain (1505 Kg ha-1), and straw (3115 Kg ha-1), yields of soybean as well as grain (1169 Kg ha-1) and straw yields (4092 kg ha-1) of safflower were highest with 100% NPK + FYM @ 5 t ha−1 and this treatment also gave significantly maximum availability of nitrogen (280 kg ha-1), phosphorous (19.02 kg ha-1) and potassium (798.50), respectively in soil than all the other treatments at harvesting stage. Among the different treatments of long term fertilization 100% NPK + Zinc gave significantly maximum zinc fractions of Exchangeable zinc, carbonated zinc, organically bound zinc, manganese oxide bound zinc, amorphous Fe and Al oxide bound zinc, crystalline Fe and Al oxide bound zinc, residual zinc and total zinc in 100% NPK + Zinc @ 25 kg ZnSO4 /ha followed by 100% NPK + FYM @ 5 t ha−1 and 150% NPK after harvest of safflower.
Potential Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities OF hydroethanolic Extract OF Crataegus oxycantha L. Berries
The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of hydroethanolic ex¬tract from Crataegus oxycantha L. fruit, a plant widely used as natural treatment of cardiovascular diseases in folk medicine. The antioxidant activity was determined by Phosphomolybdate, H2O2 radical scavenging, and β-carotene bleaching assays. The anti-inflammatory was evaluated by croton oil -induced ear edema in mice and analgesic activity was carried out by acetic acid induced writhing in mice. The polyphenolic and flavonoids contents of C. oxycantha extract were found to be 56.5 ± 2.49 mg EGA/g of dry extract and 0.43 ± 0.09 mg EQ/ g of dry extract, respectively. Whereas the tannins content was 48. 30 ± 0. 9 mg ETA/ g of dry extract. C. oxycantha ethanolic extract showed a good ability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide with an IC50 value of 2.695 ± 0.121 ± mg / ml. In addition, this extract exhibited a high total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in molybdate phosphate test (EC50 of 0.145 ± 0.006 mg / ml). The administration of C. oxycantha extract at the dose of 200 and 600 mg/kg caused significant inhibition of inflammation in croton oil-induced ear edema in mice. In acetic acid-induced writhing model, C. oxycantha extract reduced abdominal cramps at a dose of 600 mg/kg with 69.92% of inhibition. The results suggest that the polyphenolic extract of C. oxycantha L. possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities which could be tested as drug candidates against oxidative and inflammation-related pathological processes.