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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption Fa yi xue za zhi
18 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 04 )
30 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 04 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Indian Nutri-Cereals: A Perspective on Nutritional Characteristics & Health Benefits
There are billions of people who are malnourished and facing food insecurity worldwide. By 2030, the United Nations has established a global goal to eradicate hunger, but we are still very far from achieving it. Food security has been challenged during the past ten years by climate change, population growth, and economic recession. To attain food and nutrition security, the food system must be transformed. Today, it is highly challenging to ensure food security so that the plant can produce its best products due to environmental stress factors that limit the production of important cereals. India has food security, but it lags behind in terms of nutritional security. The world's agriculture has advanced in many ways, such as biofortification, genetically modified crops, fortification, etc., but it has neglected the natural gift of nutria-cereals, which are resilient to climate change, highly tolerant of drought and other extreme weather conditions, rich in high nutrition and dietary fiber, and serve as good sources of protein, micronutrients, and phytochemicals. Additionally, it contains phytates, polyphenols, tannins, anthocyanins, phytosterols, and pinacosanols, all of which are significant contributors to ageing and metabolic illnesses. Due to their beneficial nutrient content, which includes carbohydrate, vitamins, proteins, and minerals, cereals are essential components of a nutritious and healthy diet. Millets are known as nutri-cereals because of their great nutritional value and potential to make a significant contribution to food and nutritional security. Additionally, they show very intriguing nutritional profiles that include macro and micronutrients as well as bioactive substances.
Chemical composition of propolis samples of stingless bees from South India
The commercial use of stingless bee propolis is very much limited in India due to lack of information about the composition of propolis and its health benefits. The composition of propolis depends on the type of vegetation, the species of bee, the season and the area of collection. This study was done to find out the propolis composition of Tetragonula iridipennis from two distinct regions of South India (Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu and Kozhikode, Kerala). Ethanol extracts of the propolis samples were prepared and analysed in gas chromatograpy mass spectroscopy for their chemical composition. The major compounds identified based on per cent area in Coimbatore sample includes isopimaric acid, a sesquiterpene compound (29.03%), b-amyrin, a triterpene compound (13.62 %), Lup-20 (29)-ene-3-one (Betulin), a triterpene compound (10.83%) various resin acids, glycerol (3.61%) and 13-retinoic acid, a metabolite of vitamin A (3.01%) and other ketones, flavanone compounds. Where as in Kozhikode sample, glycerol (22.57%), 6,b-bicyclononane, a aldehyde compound (9.85 %), sugars like glucose, fructose, mannose and other sugar molecules (13.91), lanosterol, a tritepene compound ( 6.91 %) and other fatty acids were the major components identified.
Relationship with soil properties in sugarcane growing soils of Haryana
Soil nutrient content is a vital aspect for plant growth and crop production. Assessment of the nutrient status of a particular land use from time to time is quite important to check the nutrient mining and subsequent deficiencies (or build-ups). Nutrient content in the subsurface horizons is also important not only for the deep-rooted crops but for the assessment overall soil quality. Keeping these points in mind, an investigation was conducted in CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana during 2018-19 wherein eight representative pedons of sugarcane growing soils of Haryana viz., Damla, Yamunanagar (P1), Shahabaad, Kurukshetra (P2), Karnal (P3), Kaithal (P4), Gorad, Sonipat (P5), Nidhani, Jind (P6), Mokhra, Rohtak (P7) and Meham, Rohtak (P8) were studied. Available nitrogen content in the soil profiles was found low ranging from 53 to 250 kg ha-1. The available phosphorous of the soils of all the pedon under investigation were found to be in low to medium range and varied from 4 to 20 kg ha-1. The DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn in mg kg-1 varied from 0.10 to 0.91, 0.22 to 6.12, 0.06 to 0.63 and 0.36 to 6.14 respectively. Both the macronutrients and micronutrients content decreased gradually throughout the depth due to decrease in organic matter content. Micronutrients showed a negative and significant correlation with pH indicating that accumulation of plant available forms of micronutrient is more in slightly acidic conditions rather than alkaline and sodic environment.
IMPACT OF EXTREMELY SEVERE CYCLONIC STORM - FANI ON IMPORTANT TREES AND THEIR HEIGHT
The East Coast of India is one of the six most cyclone-prone areas in the world. The Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm ‘Fani’ made landfall on 3rd May 2019 morning near Puri on Odisha coast, India with wind speed of 170-180 kmph gusting to 250 kmph and emerged into Bangladesh on 4th May evening as a Cyclonic Storm. Immediately after cyclone, an extensive inventory was made in the four most affected districts such as Puri, Khordha, Cuttack and Jagatsinghpur and 35 common tree species which attain more than 20m height in such areas were evaluated at 4 different heights (5-10, 10-15, 15-20 and >20m). Borassus flabellifer (Palmyra palm) was found to be most resistant followed by Phoenix sylvestris, Alstonia scholaris, Polyalthia longifolia, Cocos nucifera, Areca catechu, etc. On the other hand Moringa oleifera (Drumstic) was affected maximum. Irrespective of species, the impact of Fani was high on trees of more height than trees of less height.
Farming systems typology to understanding diversity of water limited farming systems of peninsular India.
Targeted technical interventions for diverse farming systems is a challenge in emerging countries like India. Typologies may be used as tools for dealing with farming system heterogeneity. This is achieved by classifying farms into groups that have common characteristics i.e. farm types which can support the implementation of more tailored approach to agricultural development. This article explored patterns of farming system diversity through classification of 72 farm households in two districts (Warangal and Medak) in Telangana region of Peninsular India. Based on survey data collected during 2013 and 2017, the typology constructed using multivariate statistical techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Results proposed two major farm types, classified on the basis of household, land use, livestock and income variables explaining the structural and functional difference between farm types. Type 1 was characterized by marginal farm households with cereals especially rice and livestock based farming system and ample off farm/nonfarm activities. Where as in type 2 was characterized by smaller household with maize and cash based cropping systems and farm income provided mostly by cash and maize crop sales and less livestock activity. Cereal intensity was high in type 1 than type 2 as type1 households major concern is food crop production oriented. In animal component the main difference was buffalo population was high in type1 than type2. Degree of diversification was high in type2 as maize and cash crops were major base crops. Type 1 marginal holdings were in survival strategy and small holdings of type2 were in developing mode strategy. Marginal holders were coping the income with off farm/nonfarm activities for income improvement which was higher in type1 where as in type2 were adopting towards diversification strategy for income gain, so off farm activity was less. This study indicates that, typology demarcation facilitates in identification of type-specific farm household prospects and limitations for suitable agricultural development policy. It is required for further studies to develop research project.