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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption Fa yi xue za zhi

Submission Deadline
03 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 04 )
Upcoming Publication
31 Mar 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 03 )

Aim and Scope :

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:

Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering

Trends and Prospects of Female Labor Force Participation Rate in Agricultural Sector of Assam with some selected variables

Paper ID- AMA-22-06-2023-12351

Agriculture plays an important role for the people residing in most of the states in India for their livelihood. Despite high economic growth, decline in fertility, and rise in schooling of girls, the Female Labor Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) in India has declined in rural areas and stagnated in urban areas since the late 1980s. Labor force includes those people who are currently employed and those who are unemployed but seeking work. In India, the female labor force is mostly employed in agricultural sector. Although the participation of self-employed female labor force is on the rise especially in the rural areas, studies also show that Women’s engagement in unpaid work is high in rural areas and while a majority of women are employed in regular wage work in urban areas, there are substantial wage differentials between men and women, most of the regular work of women is in the informal sector, and non-wage benefits are poor. Agriculture sector is the major economic sector in Assam employing close to 75% of total work force, directly or indirectly. In this present study, an attempt has been made to observe the participation of female labor force in the agricultural sector of Assam. It has been seen that amongst all the age groups of labor force participation, a change has been observed for women in the age group 25 to 29. Multiple linear regression analysis has been carried out for the collected data. Future data of female labor participation also have been predicted with some selected variables.

Prevalence of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Guava Orchards in Haryana, India

Paper ID- AMA-22-06-2023-12347

Guava orchards in Haryana were facing symptoms of sudden decline and loss in productivity due to heavy infestation of highly pathogenic species of Meloidogyne not only by itself but also causing havoc through predisposing the host for secondary attack by wilt fungus Fusarium spp causing disease-complex with synergistic effects on the common host guava. Severely infested plant showed small leaves, slightly browning in colour, leaf drop, growth inhibition whereas roots are distorted by small and large multiple galls leading to sudden death of tree. Fungus and nematode-induced soil-borne diseases are among the main constraints in agricultural production and are quite challenging to be managed. Due to data unavailability of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with guava orchards, a detailed survey was conducted in the main guava-growing regions of Haryana during 2019-21 (2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22) to assess the occurrence, distribution and diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) associated with guava orchards. In this respect, a total of 95 roots and rhizosphere soil samples of guava orchards of different districts (eight) in Haryana were analysed for the infestation of PPNs. Out of 95 samples, 60 samples were found infected with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita with 63.2 per cent frequency of occurrence with density range of 50-785 nematodes/200 cc soil. The root-knot index of infested guava orchards ranged from 1.0-5.0. Other plant-parasitic nematodes which were found associated with the guava belonged to Pratylenchus sp., Hoplolaimus sp., Helicotylenchus sp. and Rotylenchulus reniformis. Helicotylenchus had the highest mean population density (146.6 nematodes/200 cc soil), followed by Hoplolaimus (120.7 nematodes/200 cc soil). Based on incidence, population density and associated damage on guava M. incognita was considered to be the most important PPNs. Among the districts, the highest incidence of damage by M. incognita was observed in Palwal followed by Sonipat, Sirsa and Bhiwani.

Ways To Enhance The Adoption Level Of Mechanization In Paddy Cultivation

Paper ID- AMA-21-06-2023-12346

Paddy is grown by transplanting under wetland conditions or by direct sowing, depending on the availability of water. In India, mechanical transplanters were developed and are now popular among farmers, but adoption is low. The experiments were conducted at six locations representing three soil types (sandy clay loam, sandy loam, and clay loam) of the delta zone of Tamil Nadu during Samba season in Strip plot design in three years (2019-2020, 2020-21, and 2021-2023) with the objective to evaluate the performance of existing models of rice transplanters in different soil types, to evaluate the performance of existing models of power weeders in different soil types, and to reduce the cost of cultivation and enhance rice production. Among the transplanters, higher field efficiency of 74.46, 79.08, and 77.71 was recorded by 8-row riding type transplanters (30x12cm) in sandy clay loam, sandy loam, and clay loam soils, respectively. Field efficiency was higher in single-row power weeders compared to double-row power weeders and manual conoweeders in all soil types. The Cono weeder recorded a low weed count and higher weed control efficiency (73.01) when compared to single and double row power weeders. Among growth and yield parameters, 6 row transplanters along with conoweeding combinations recorded higher tillers and productive tillers (16.28 and 20.65 per hill), number of filled grains (113 and 145 per panicle), and seed yield (5922 and 5733 kg/ha), respectively, in Sandy clay loam and Sandy loam soil. Eight row riding type transplanter (30x12 cm) along with single row power weeder combination was recorded higher productive tiller (15.25/hill), filled grains (122/panicle), and seed yield (5506 kg/ha) in clay loam soil. Among different transplanters and weeders, a 6-row transplanter along with conoweeding achieved a higher net return (Rs. 70195/ha) and BCR (2.62) in sandy clay loam soil. Similarly, the 6-row transplanter, along with conoweeding, achieved a higher net return (Rs. 55343/ha) and BCR (2.28) in sandy loam soil. whereas an 8-row riding type transplanter (30x12 cm) along with a single-row power weeder.

Rural Women’s Skill Identification for Entrepreneurship Development in Jammu District : A Case Study

Paper ID- AMA-21-06-2023-12345

Women are the backbone of the rural economy and are bestowed with countless skills that not only boost rural economy but also contribute income and overall growth of the family. Skills and knowledge are the motivating factors for the upliftment of community as well as economic growth of a nation. The percentage of female population in India is 48.04% compared to 51.96% male population while as in J&K, women constitute 47% of the total population. In the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu is the most populous district with population 15,29,958 and having an area of 2,342 sq km. A case study was conducted during the year 2022 to identify the entrepreneurship skills of rural women of Jammu district. Two blocks from the Jammu district namely Nagrota and R.S.Pura were taken and four villages on the basis of highest population from each block were selected and then five households from each village engaged in skill based activities were surveyed to find out the skills of rural women which was based on primary data collected through pre-structured schedule. The study confirmed that the average maximum income of skilled rural women of Nagrota block was Rs.7,800/month whereas that of R.S.pura block was Rs.16,800/month. The skills in rural women like pappad making (30%), cutting and tailoring (40%), beautician (10%), teaching(private) (5%), and salesperson (10%)in Nagrota block and cutting and tailoring (35%), teaching(private)(30%), beautician (20%) and dairy farming (5%) in R.S.Pura block was seen, along with their household activities. For making rural women more empowered, schemes like Self Help Groups(SHG), SAATH, UMEED, TEJASWINI, Government Loans and NGO’s have been started by the Govt.

Role of Dogridge Rootstock for Salinity Tolerance in Thompson Seedless Grapevine: Nutrient Distribution, Physiological and Biochemical Functions

Paper ID- AMA-20-06-2023-12341

Abiotic stress to plants is an important issue globally, particularly due to heavy metal pollutants, salinity, and drought. Many problems could be caused by these stresses, including the production of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, loss of photosynthetic efficiency, etc. These problems could alter crop growth and development by affecting biochemical, physiological, and molecular processes, leading to a significant loss in productivity. Grapevines are no such exception. With this background, a study was conducted to evaluate the salinity tolerance of Thompson Seedless vines raised on Dogridge rootstock with varying levels of salinity viz., 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 2% NaCl. Salt stress resulted in reduced vegetative growth, chlorophyll and protein content whereas an increase in phenol and proline concentration was recorded due to stress-tolerance adaptive mechanisms. The concentration of sodium and chloride increased in vines whereas potassium concentration decreased. The concentration of sodium ranged from 0.14-0.69% in leaves, 0.09-0.28% in canes and 0.14-0.55% in roots and the chloride levels were 0.45-74, 0.26-60 and 0.43-1.21% in leaves, canes and roots respectively. However, the potassium content of vines grafted on Dogridge ranged from 1.20 to 0.78% in leaves, 0.97 to 0.30% in canes and 0.84 to 0.63% in roots. Elevated salt stress resulted in an increase in soil electrical conductivity, sodium and chloride concentration whereas reduced potassium content. The soil available nitrogen and phosphorus content also decreased due to reduced microbial diversity and microbiological activity essential for the process of nitrogen mineralization and precipitation of phosphorus with Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations. The tolerance index of Thompson Seedless grafted on Dogridge rootstock was recorded to be 102.36 (shoot/root dry weight basis). The use of tolerance ratios and tolerance indices can be an effective evaluation technique to test different rootstocks for salt tolerance.