AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2025)
27 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue- 11 )
30 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue 11 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
A Review on Emerging Insights into Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice: Diagnostics, Climate Dynamics, and Economic Impact
Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, is a devastating disease that significantly impacts rice productivity, leading to severe yield losses in many rice-growing regions worldwide. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements in the diagnostics, epidemiology, and management of BLB, while examining its economic impact and the influence of climate change on disease dynamics. Traditional diagnostic methods, including visual assessment and bacterial isolation, are being complemented by advanced molecular tools such as PCR, real-time PCR, and CRISPR-based methods, which offer enhanced accuracy and early detection capabilities. Climate variability, including increased temperatures, humidity, and extreme weather events, has been shown to affect the incidence and severity of BLB, facilitating the pathogen's spread to non-endemic regions. Furthermore, the economic burden of BLB management, particularly for smallholder farmers, poses a threat to food security and market stability. Recent case studies from Asia highlight the substantial financial losses caused by BLB, emphasizing the need for integrated management strategies. Advances in host resistance through gene pyramiding and breeding for climate-resilient varieties, combined with biological control and optimal cultural practices, are critical for sustainable BLB management. This review identifies key knowledge gaps, such as the need for novel diagnostic tools, climate-resilient rice varieties, and an improved understanding of pathogen evolution. Policy recommendations are provided to enhance international collaboration and strengthen research and extension services, ultimately aiming to mitigate the economic impact of BLB on global rice production under changing climate conditions.
Effects of different soybean genotypes on the biology and food consumption and nutritional indices of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)
The effect of forty six (46) different soybean genotypes on the biology and food consumption and nutritional indices of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae:Lepidoptera) have been studied. Differences in various biological parameters viz., incubation period, larval duration, pre pupal period, pupal period, longevity of adults) of S. litura were observed on different genotypes. The shortest larval, pre pupal and pupal period was found in larvae reared on CAT 2503 (13.19 days) and F3P18 (1.23 and 7.07 days), respectively. The shortest pre-oviposition and oviposition period was found in larvae reared on CAT 1847 (2.02 and 3.05 days), post-oviposition period in CAT 488 (2.75 days), respectively. The total life period of male was found larvae reared on in F4P21 (28.15 days) and female was in CAT 488 (31.20 days), respectively. Longevity of both male and female was observed in F3P18 (6.64 and 9.72 days, respectively). The lowest per cent adult emergence, sex ratio, fecundity and incubation period was observed in F4P21 (68.40), F3P18 (1:1.19 and 216.8 eggs) and CAT 349 (2.56 days), respectively. The lowest weight of 3rd instar, 4th instar, 5th instar larva, pre pupa and pupa was found larva reared on F4P21 (0.83 gms), NRC-138 (1.04 gms), PS1569 (1.08 gms), RVSM 2012-4 (0.52 gms) and CAT2503 (0.66 gms), respectively. The lowest Approximate Digestibility (AD), Efficiency of Conversion Digested Food (ECD), Efficiency of Conversion Digested Food (ECI) and Weight gain (Wg) by larva was found lowest in larva reared on CAT488 (56.60%), F4P21 (18.30%), CAT349 (24.25%) and F3P18(0.72 gm), respectively.
Isolation, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Fungal Leaf Spot Pathogens of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) in Meghalaya (India)
Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is an important table fruit of millions of people around the world for its nutrient content and pleasant flavour. The fruits are rich in ascorbic acid, secondary metabolites and simple sugars. It is grown extensively under temperate, sub-tropical and tropical climate throughout the year. During the cultivation practices of strawberry, the leaf spots are the major emerging diseases and the deleterious fungal pathogens found to attack the strawberry crop which affects the production and productivity. An extensive survey was conducted in three major strawberry growing districts of Meghalaya (India) during 2021-22. Leaf spot diseases were observed with a disease incidence of 16.29 to 46.66 % of Pestalotiopsis leaf spot and 11.11- 36.10 % of Alternaria leaf spot. A total of 22 isolates of Pestalotiopsis and 10 isolates of Alternaria obtained from different surveyed locations were isolated on the PDA medium. The microscopic observations of Pestalotiopsis showed fusiform conidia comprised of 5 cells with a dimension of 17.35-31.99 µm length and 4.88- 11.28 µm breadth. In similar way, Alternaria showed muriform conidia with a dimension of 13.75-25.13 µm length and 6.96-13.75 µm breadth with vertical and horizontal septations. Based on the cultural, morphological characters and molecular characterization, the pathogens were identified as Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Alternaria alternata. The DNA sequences were submitted to NCBI portal and got the accession numbers for both the pathogens (OR539470 and OR540826). Pathogenicity tests conducted by inoculation with a conidial suspension of pathogens, produced typical leaf spot symptoms and the re-isolation of pathogens confirmed the Koch’s postulates. The documentation study of disease incidence and severity among different surveyed fields showed an importance of the pathogens and the yield losses caused by these pathogens. Hence an immediate research work has to be undertaken for the development of effective disease management strategies for improving the production and productivity of strawberry.
Relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index and dendrometric parameters: a case study for Chettaba Forest (Algeria)
Remote sensing is a means of inventorying, monitoring, and managing natural resources, and it allows for the establishment of development scenarios. It also helps to minimize costs and provides a broader spatio-temporal scope than conventional methods. The objective of this work is to assess the health of the Chettaba forest (located in the northeast of Algeria) and to determine the correlation between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and dendrometric parameters. Using Google Earth Engine (GEE) as a powerful tool, this study utilized Landsat 7 and 8 satellite imagery from the years 2001, 2011, and 2023 to delve into the temporal dynamics of NDVI. Dendrometric parameters, namely tree diameter and height, were measured for 16 rectangular plots (30 m × 30 m) covering 0.09 hectares. The results indicate that tree heights varied from 7.01 to 11.62 m, while diameters ranged from 20.30 to 37.60 cm. Tree density (N) varied from 111 to 500 trees per hectare, while basal area (G) ranged from 9.41 to 41.67. Statistical analysis shows a negative correlation between dendrometric parameters and the vegetation index (NDVI) for the year 2011, with observed values ranging (r = -0.51 to -0.63). Furthermore, the study showed a reduction in the NDVI trend in the Chettaba forest between 2001 and 2023, due to climate change and human activity.
A Review on Emerging Insights into Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice: Diagnostics, Climate Dynamics, and Economic Impact
Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, is a devastating disease that significantly impacts rice productivity, leading to severe yield losses in many rice-growing regions worldwide. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements in the diagnostics, epidemiology, and management of BLB, while examining its economic impact and the influence of climate change on disease dynamics. Traditional diagnostic methods, including visual assessment and bacterial isolation, are being complemented by advanced molecular tools such as PCR, real-time PCR, and CRISPR-based methods, which offer enhanced accuracy and early detection capabilities. Climate variability, including increased temperatures, humidity, and extreme weather events, has been shown to affect the incidence and severity of BLB, facilitating the pathogen's spread to non-endemic regions. Furthermore, the economic burden of BLB management, particularly for smallholder farmers, poses a threat to food security and market stability. Recent case studies from Asia highlight the substantial financial losses caused by BLB, emphasizing the need for integrated management strategies. Advances in host resistance through gene pyramiding and breeding for climate-resilient varieties, combined with biological control and optimal cultural practices, are critical for sustainable BLB management. This review identifies key knowledge gaps, such as the need for novel diagnostic tools, climate-resilient rice varieties, and an improved understanding of pathogen evolution. Policy recommendations are provided to enhance international collaboration and strengthen research and extension services, ultimately aiming to mitigate the economic impact of BLB on global rice production under changing climate conditions.