Remote sensing is a means of inventorying, monitoring, and managing natural resources, and it allows for the establishment of development scenarios. It also helps to minimize costs and provides a broader spatio-temporal scope than conventional methods. The objective of this work is to assess the health of the Chettaba forest (located in the northeast of Algeria) and to determine the correlation between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and dendrometric parameters. Using Google Earth Engine (GEE) as a powerful tool, this study utilized Landsat 7 and 8 satellite imagery from the years 2001, 2011, and 2023 to delve into the temporal dynamics of NDVI. Dendrometric parameters, namely tree diameter and height, were measured for 16 rectangular plots (30 m × 30 m) covering 0.09 hectares. The results indicate that tree heights varied from 7.01 to 11.62 m, while diameters ranged from 20.30 to 37.60 cm. Tree density (N) varied from 111 to 500 trees per hectare, while basal area (G) ranged from 9.41 to 41.67. Statistical analysis shows a negative correlation between dendrometric parameters and the vegetation index (NDVI) for the year 2011, with observed values ranging (r = -0.51 to -0.63). Furthermore, the study showed a reduction in the NDVI trend in the Chettaba forest between 2001 and 2023, due to climate change and human activity.