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WOS Indexed (2024)
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption Fa yi xue za zhi
18 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 04 )
30 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 04 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Environmental Impact of Mariculture in Coastal Waters of South-Central Vietnam
Mariculture provides an increasing seafood supply to a growing population. It also brings unintended consequences for the environment, resources and sustainable development. Based on observation of environmental changes in intensive mariculture of lobster cages in three south-central regions of Vietnam (namely Xuan Dai Bay, Van Phong Bay and Cam Ranh Bay, each region had two farming stations and one reference station), this paper aims to determine the impacts of mariculture to environmental quality over-period of April 2019 to May 2020. The results indicated no differences in water quality within the bay and among bays (p>0.05), but significant differences in sediment quality among stations (with and without mariculture) within the bays and among bays. The accumulation of observed parameters in substrate sediment at mariculture regions was higher than that without mariculture (p<0.05). Within the Cam Ranh Bay, the concentration of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of the sediment near the cages increased by a factor of 1.4 compared with the reference. Similar results were also observed in the case of Van Phong Bay and Xuan Dai Bay with different magnitudes. Additionally, based on changes in sulfide concentration of substrate sediment, the sediment quality in Van Phong Bay would be better than two other bays This evidence demonstrated that mariculture wastes accumulated in the substrate sediment, and over time they decomposed and created sub-toxins that degraded substrate and affected benthic biota in coastal waters.
Development of an Automatic Tree Coating Machine Based on the Cooperative Functioning of Multiple Nozzles
To improve the efficiency and quality of tree trunk liming, while reducing the labor intensity, this article outlines an automatic tree coating machine based on the cooperative functioning of multiple nozzles. This automatic tree coating machine detects the position, diameter, inclination and other parameters of the trunk through the use of an infrared distance meter and ultrasonic distance measuring instrument. This device can control the opening, closing angle, and moving speed of the spraying device through the servo motion mechanism achieving accurate spraying of trees. The results of tree spraying tests indicated that the average spray coverage rate can reach 97.73% in cases where tree trunks circumference are 50-80 cm and inclination angles are between 80-100°. The average spray coverage rate can reach 98.06% when tree trunk circumference is between 80-125 cm and inclination angles are 100-120°, the average spray coverage rate was 81.66% when tree trunks circumference are more than 125cm and inclination angles are 120-140°. The rate of spraying efficiency is 100-120 trees/hour, meeting the whitening requirements of trees and sufficient to replace manual operations.
Focus on larvae: A study of fine-grained image classification for agricultural pests.
More and more deep learning techniques have been used to classify pests in recent years, but most of the research objects involved in the existing work are adult pests. The identification of adult pests will delay the best time for pest control. Therefore, this paper aims to improve the identification of pest larvae. The classification of these similar caterpillars can be regarded as fine-grained image classification. However, taking existing fine-grained classification methods to classify the pest larvae still has the following problems. First, the object categories covered by the existing standard fine-grained image datasets (such as Birds, dogs, cars, and airplanes) have the same characteristics, and the various parts of the object are distinguished, with prominent outlines. However, the body parts of some larvae are not visually prominent. Second, compared with the samples in the standard data set, the background environment of the larvae samples is mostly more complicated, and some larvae use mimicry to disguise themselves, which brings difficulties to identification and classification. This paper proposes a fine-grained image classification algorithm that can extract more subtle features to solve the above problems. Experiments show that the model proposed in this paper surpasses the existing general image classification model and fine-grained image classification model on the agricultural pest fine-grained dataset AgrFIP20 and the large-scale agricultural pest dataset AgrIP138.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CASSAVA WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM(CWTS) FOR PURIFYING CASAVA PROCESSING EFFLUENT USING CHICKEN FEATHER AND COTTON WOOL AS FILTER MEDIA
Cassava wastewater contain high organic load (suspended solids(SS); Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD), turbidity, odor, and cyanide(CN). Cassava processing factory discharge this effluent into water bodies without treatment. The objective of this work is to develop a multistage Cassava Waste Treatment System (CWTS) using acrylic glass (Perspex) material with suitable flow kinetics for cassava effluent decontamination. Each of the columns contained up to 4 mm of 6mm milled chicken feathers and cotton wool as filter media. Control valves A-E maintained flow rates at 0.000508 (A) and 0.002 liters/second (B, C, D) during testing. Dimensions of the treatment column were: column 1: 400 mm x 160 mm x 160 mm: column 2: 300 mm x160 mm x 160 mm, column 3: 270 mm x 160 mm x 160 mm and column 4: 200 mm x 160 mm x 160 mm. 4 cups were inserted cups as the base of filter beds each containing a 3mm drilled hole for the passage of the treated effluent. Cups: 1 and 3 were filled with milled chicken feather while 2 and 4 cotton wool. When tap A was opened, 2-litre of the effluent was released onto column 1 for treatment during this period, taps B, C, D, and E were closed. For 10-20 minutes, the control tap B was opened while taps A, D, C, E were closed as further treatment occurred in column 2. Removal efficiency of the CWTS were 60-80% for SS,65-70% odor, 60-72% COD, and 80-90% turbidity level and cyanide 40 to 50%.
Effects of shading in winter on the growth and cold resistance of tea plants
Screen shading can be an effective tool for tea cultivation. However, articles related to this topic are very few, especially the study of winter shading. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to assess the growth impacts of tea plants by deploying different shading screens on the tea canopy. Moreover, another objective is to assess the effects of shading screens on the reduction of freezing injury of tea plants. Black and green color screens, having shading levels of 35%, 55% and 70%, were deployed over tea cultivar: ‘Jin Guanyin’. The unshaded/control (CK) tea plants were also monitored to compare it with the screen shaded tea plants. Index of injury (It) was measured in tea leaves to assess cold/freeze injury. To measure index of injury (It), the tea leaf segments were frozen at –6, –8, and –10 °C for 1 h. Leaf area measurement is one of the essential aspects to observe the growth and development of plants. Therefore, tea leaf area was studied to assess the influence of shading screen on leaf growth uniformity. The results show that: (1) The results of index of injury (It) were found rational from the sampled tea leaves at three different freezing temperatures (e.g., –6 °C, –8 °C and –10 °C). Black-35% treatments showed relatively lower It than other treatments. Hence, the black-35% screens as an effective tool for decreasing freezing damage compared to non-shading treatment (CK). (2) Uniformity of leaf area was analyzed to investigate the effect of shading screens to tea growth. Leaf under black-70% screen showed a good shape. Because plotting the leaf area against leaf length (L), width (W) and (L × W), gave R2 values as 0.9553, 0.8935 and 0.9875 respectively under black-70% screen.