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WOS Indexed (2023)
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Azerbaijan Medical Journal Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery Interventional Pulmonology Kongzhi yu Juece/Control and Decision Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980)
29 May 2023 (Vol - 54 , Issue- 06 )
31 May 2023 (Vol - 54 , Issue 05 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering Asia Life Sciences Changjiang Liuyu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing/Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Valley Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
Industrial Engineering Teikyo Medical Journal Tagliche Praxis Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics
Industrial and Commercial Design International Medical Journal Technology Reports of Kansai University Asia Life Sciences Open Access Journals Tobacco Science and Technology
Information Engineering Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Tobacco Science and Technology Teikyo Medical Journal International Medical Journal Changjiang Liuyu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing/Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Valley Technology Reports of Kansai University
Chemical Engineering Open Access Journals Tagliche Praxis Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics Azerbaijan Medical Journal
Food Engineering Zhenkong Kexue yu Jishu Xuebao/Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao (Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980) Zhongguo Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science) Kongzhi yu Juece/Control and Decision
Oxidative Effects of Aqueous Ozone (O3) on Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Cold-Pressed Pomegranate Fruit Juice
Ozone has gained traction due to its short half-life and non-toxic residues on treated food. However, retaining food nutritional qualities remain the major contributing factor determining the appropriateness of ozone treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of ozone treatment on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of cold- pressed pomegranate juice. Additionally, the correlation between different content of juice (with and without filtration process) and ozone treatment time (from 0 to 30 minutes) was also determined. From the results, it was observed that total color difference (TCD) and pH had significant effects (p < 0.05) from the ozone treatment alone. In comparison, total phenolic (TPC) and ascorbic acid content showed synergistic effects on juice composition and ozone treatment. Only 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity showed a negative impact for both factors, which indicates that the scavenging activity in pomegranate juice was not affected by the content of juice and ozone treatment time. TPC and ascorbic acid content in filtered juice degraded significantly more (p < 0.05) than in unfiltered juice, which might be due to the presence of solids in the unfiltered juice eliciting a defense mechanism towards ozone teatment. In conclusion, unfiltered juice showed better quality characteristics than filtered juice because of its higher preserved qualitative value post-ozone treatment.
Classification of Pesticide Residues in Cabbages based on Spectral Data
Pesticide residue in leafy vegetables like a cabbage can cause harmful effects to consumers. Thus, early detection and classification of pesticide residue could help consumers to choose residue-free cabbages. This research was performed to evaluate the performance of different classification methods to classify spectral data collected from 60 pesticide-free cabbage samples. Deltamethrin pesticide was sprayed on the samples at different dilution concentrations namely pesticide-free (PF), pesticide-low (PL), pesticide-medium (PM) and pesticide-high (PH). The spectral data of the cabbages was recorded using a spectrometer with an effective wavelength in the range of 400 to 1000 nm. The concentration of the pesticide residues in each cabbage sample was quantified using a gas chromatography with an electron detector (GC-ECD). Three classification methods investigated in this study were artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression (LR). The results show that LR, SVM and ANN yielded excellent classification accuracies of 95, 88 and 87%, respectively. This study revealed that the spectroscopic measurement coupled with classification methods are promising technique for detecting and classifying pesticides residues in cabbage samples.
Process Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted-Soxhlet-Extraction of Essential Oil from Citrus hystrix using Response Surface Methodology
The essential oil from Citrus hystrix leaves is used commercially in Malaysia as a flavor and aroma agent, perfumery, and medical preparations. The main objective for this study was to determine the optimum parameters of ultrasonic pre-treatment; amplitude, particle size of leaves and pre-treatment time prior to the Soxhlet extraction for Citrus hystrix essential oil via Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Fresh Citrus hystrix leaves were dried, blended and sieved to different particle sizes before undergoing ultrasonic pre-treatment and Soxhlet extraction procedure. The ultrasonic pre-treatment was carried out at amplitude ranging from 30% to 70%, particle sizes of 100 μm to 1000 μm, and pre- treatment time of 5 min to 30 min. Soxhlet extraction was conducted for 8 hours with a solid to liquid ratio of 1:20, at the reaction temperature of 68°C using hexane. Results show that the ultrasonic amplitude of 45%, pre-treatment time of 20 minutes, and particle sizes of 200 µm were found to be optimal extraction parameters in achieving maximum oil yield after Soxhlet extraction procedure (6.98 %). Treated leaves yielded 6.54 % of oil extract which was higher than untreated leaves (5.70 %). The functional groups related to the essential oil and powder of Citrus hystrix were limonene, aldehydes, and ester as determined by the Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images reveals that oil glands of treated leaves powder of Citrus hystrix ruptured and cell wall degradation rather than untreated samples. Therefore, ultrasonic pre-treatment could be proposed as a promising pre-treatment method combining with the Soxhlet extraction to improve the essential oil yield of Citrus hystrix.
The Effect of Maturity Stages on Calorific Values of Malayan Yellow Dwarf
Coconut plantation has the potential to contribute for biomass energy from its waste such as coconut husks and shells. This research aimed to determine the calorific value of coconut shells and husks at different maturity stages and its relationship with moisture content as the first step in determining their acceptability as alternative fuel sources. A bomb calorimetry procedure was performed to measure gross calorific values (GCV) which was used to indicate the potential of the samples to produce biofuels. It was found that the coconut shell had the highest calorific value of 22.36MJ/kg at maturity stage 4 (eleven to twelve months of age) followed by inner husk at 18.96MJ/kg and outer husk at 17.65MJ/kg. The relationship between the average GCV and maturity stages of the whole samples yielded the regression of R2=0.971. This result shows that the average GCV increased as the maturity stages increased. While the mean calorific value obtained from the shells was 16.38MJ/kg which was comparable to certain wood species. The coconut shells, which are generally not fully utilized, abandoned, and discarded, have the potential to be used as energy sources, whilst the husks have a lesser calorific value but could be used as fuel for less energy intensive uses.
Formulation and Synthesis of Pyro-Oil Derived Insect Repellent
Despite the abundance of palm-based residues produced, by-products of thermochemical processing, such as bio-oil, may create value-added products to the palm industry. The palm-based derived from bio-oil contains high concentration of aromatic compounds. This study aims to assess the formulations of major insect repellent ingredients (bio-oil as carrier for inert ingredient as well as active ingredient (AI) from lemongrass oil), to test and recommend the most effective insect repellents formulation for the mosquito species studied. Five different cream formulations were created and tested, each with a different bio-oil and AI from lemongrass extract. Based on five different cream formulations, Set C demonstrated the most effective repellency with an equal ratio of bio-oil and lemongrass extract. Set C takes the longest time to repel mosquitoes from white mice, taking 20-21 minutes at a composition ratio of 2:2 to repel mosquitoes. A few tweaks can be made to improve insect repellency efficiency, such as varying the concentration and type of active ingredient and the number of mosquitoes sampled for experiment. Hence, this study adds to our understanding of palm-based residues management towards better environment.