Chickpea is an important Rabi food legume grown throughout the world. India is the largest producer and contributes 2/3rd of total production of global chickpea. Productivity of chickpea in India is lesser than some other countries due to various factors. Cultivation of chickpea crop is adversely affected by both biotic and abiotic stresses. Among biotic stresses collar rot is an important limiting factor for the production of chickpea. Collar rot incited by Sclerotium rolfsii is an economical disease of chickpea and causes 10-30 per cent yield loss annually. The disease appears moderate form every year in chickpea growing areas. It causes heavy losses in chickpea sown after harvesting of rice having stubbles in cultivated fields. Keeping in view of the serious and economical losses caused by the pathogen, the present study on assessment and identification of germplasm for resistance source and better yield performing genotypes have been conducted during Rabi 2021-22 at Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, India. In the present investigation, two hundred fifty three germplasm were evaluated for their yield and resistance against collar rot under natural sick plot field conditions. Due to continuous growing of breeding material in same field for the last many years, it has high inoculum load. Among evaluated germplasm none of them were found resistant against collar rot disease. However, two hundred fourteen germplasm lines exhibited moderately resistant, twenty two moderately susceptible, eleven susceptible and six genotypes identified as highly susceptible. All germplasm were also assessed for their yield and yield attributing traits in which ICCV 94954 (2937.50 kg/ha), GL-15209 (2845.84 kg/ha), GL-15131(266.66 kg/ha), CSJ 1065 (2645.84 kg/ha), IPC 2011-141 (2595.84 kg/ha), GNG2475 (2591.66 kg/ha) and RSGD 1174 (2562.50 kg/ha) showed moderately resistant reaction as well as better yield performing genotypes which may be utilized for breeding programme for the development promising entries against collar rot disease.