AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2025)
07 Dec 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue- 12 )
31 Dec 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue 12 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Suppressive effects of maize rhizospheric fungi on Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii inciting banded leaf and sheath blight
We employed the classical microbiological methodology to isolate endophytic fungi inhabiting the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.). Identification of these endophytic fungi was carried out using ribosomal DNA sequencing, aiming to uncover distinct distribution patterns of these organisms that persist asymptomatically within the healthy root tissues of maize plants. The dominant fungal species associated with the roots of the maize hybrid PHM-1 were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Cladosporium cladosporidies, Penicillium oxalicum, and Penicillium raperi. To assess their potential impact, an in vitro assay was conducted to evaluate these isolates against Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii, the causal agent of banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB). This disease is particularly prevalent in tropical regions worldwide and poses a significant threat to maize cultivation. Notably, the Aspergillus and Penicillium complexes found in the maize rhizosphere exhibited promising efficacy in inhibiting this soil-borne disease affecting maize plants.
Orthogonal and Non-Orthogonal Rotation Analysis of Body Indices Traits of Kishanganj Goat of Bihar India
Body indices provide a superior guide to measure the body weight and were also used as an indicator of type and function in domestic animals. The PCA analysis with orthogonal and non-orthogonal rotation analysis was performed with an objective to segregate important indicator of body indices. The data on 120 goats of 12 months and above age was recorded at breeding tract for different morphometric traits along with body weight. Body indices were calculated from measured morphometric traits following standard formulae. Mean, Standard Deviation and Coefficients of variation (CV %) of body indices were estimated. Least-squares fixed model analysis of data was carried out to study the effects of non-genetic factor location on different body indices. Correlation among of body indices were estimated. Orthogonal and non-orthogonal rotations of Principal Components in Indigenous goats of Bihar was done through the transformation of the components to approximate a simple structure. The effect of sex on body indices was found non-significant. The different body indices were estimated to be 77.91 (CpI), 1.07 (LI), 0.46 DI), 86.95 (BI), 86.06 (CI), 93.71 (Pr), 46.32 (RDT), 10.24 (DTI), 1.24 (TD), 3394.46 (AI) and 12.64 (RCTI), respectively. The standard deviation and coefficient of variation (CV) for different body indices ranged between 1.42 (FW) to 19.33 (CC); between 6.2% (BI) to 12.85% (CPI), respectively in goats of Kishanganj region. Body indices have presented low to moderate variability which give scope of their improvement with selection. The KMO measure of sampling adequacy (MSA) and Bertlett’s test of Sphericity validated phenotypic correlation among body indices. Phenotypic correlations among body indices were positive and moderate to high which gives high predictability. Four principal components for body indices traits were extracted which explained 81% variation of traits. The different principal components PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4 has contributed variation with high positive significantly loading of different indices 29% (BI and DTI), 20% (LI and RCTI), 18% (DI, RDT and CPI) and 14% (AI and BW) respectively. The body indices BI, DTI, LI and RCTI contributed majorly in explaining its variation and identified sufficient to explain the variation of body indices. The results suggest that principal component analysis (PCA) could be used in breeding programs with reduction in the number of body indices to be recorded to explain the body conformation.
Influence of anther pretreatment on the efficiency of haploid production in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)
Varied types of pretreatments cause stress on microspore bearing anthers which induces change of the development pathway of microspore from gametophytic to sporophytic which in turn leads to the production of haploids. In our experiments different pretreatments were given to anthers of marigold before in vitro culturing of male gametophytes. Flower buds (of size 2-2.5cm) in which a majority of microspores had reached the mid- or late-uninucleate stage were tested with regard to the effect of cold pretreatment at 4°C for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days and starvation in 0.3 M mannitol solution for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days. Chilling at 4°C for 9 days resulted in highest percent of responding anthers (91.5%), highest percent caulogenesis (54.7), highest number of shoot buds per anther (7.2), highest number of regenerants per anther (5.5), lowest number of days taken for callusing (12.25) and lowest number of days taken to shoot bud induction (15.75). while starvation of anthers by using 0.3M mannitol solution for 4 days resulted in highest percent of responding anthers (81.75%), lowest number of days taken for callusing (11.75), highest percent caulogenesis (66.5%), lowest number of days taken to shoot bud induction (15.25), highest number of shoot buds per anther (7.25) and highest number of regenerants per anther (5.75). Among the two pre-treatments evaluated, cold pretreatment showed better results in terms of percent responding anthers while mannitol starvation was found best for percent caulogenesis.
Crop establishment method and weed management practice influences weed prevalences, crop growth and yield of maize in maize-wheat-greengram cropping system
Weeds are considered to be a major biotic constraints in crop production. Under conservation agriculture (CA), non-inversion of soil, retention of previous crop residues, and crop diversification alter the weed dynamics. Although, it supports sustainable crop production by enhancing soil health. Long-term adoption of CA may help in establishing perennial weeds. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to assess the feasibility of crop establishment methods and weed management practices in maize during the rainy season of 2021 and 2022. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot comprised two crop establishment methods, conventional tillage (CT) and zero tillage (ZT) and four weed management practices [weedy check, recommended herbicide (RH), integrated weed management (IWM), herbicide rotations (HR)] in maize-wheat-greengram cropping system. The results revealed that ZT exhibited lower weed density (89.5 and 72.9 no. m-2, respectively) and biomass (62.6 and 42.9 g m-2, respectively). Among the weed management practices, HR recorded the lowest weed density (43.8 and 29.8 no. m-2, respectively) and weed biomass (34.1 and 19.4 g m-2, respectively). Lower weeds under ZT, encourages plant growth and it became (1.9 and 2.7%, respectively) taller and (22.2 and 18.9%) heavier over CT. Imposition of herbicides in rotation also provided good weed control, thus, obtained taller and heavier plants in both the years. The findings also showed a strong negative linear relationship between weeds and grain yield. Regression analysis between yield attributes and yield showed a positive linear relationship. Growing maize under ZT obtained higher grain and straw yield with 6673 kg ha-1 in 2021 and 5765 kg ha-1 in 2022, while straw yield was 11366 kg ha-1 and 9319 kg ha-1, respectively. Imposition of weed management with rotating herbicides exhibited significantly higher grain yield (7815 and 7031 kg ha-1, respectively) during both the years, however, straw yield was higher in HR (12163 kg ha-1) in the first year, and in the second year it was higher with IWM (10587 kg ha-1). Based on the experimental findings, maize can be grown under ZT with either HR or IWM for effective weed control, better crop growth, and higher yield in maize-wheat-greengram system.
Impact of altering sowing dates on the incidence of bollworms
The influence of different planting dates was studied on major bollworms (Earias spp. & Pectinophora gossypiella) attacking valuable commercial cotton crop. Susceptible Gossypium arboreum variety HD 432 was planted on three different date of sowing at fortnight intervals starting from April to May. Incidence of Spotted bollworm in green bolls was observed least (12.07 & 13.08%) in first fortnight of April sown crop as compared to May sown crop (19.52 & 21.91%) during 2018 and 2019, respectively. Pink bollworm also showed a similar trend and damage (bolls and locules) was minimal in the crop sown in April compared to the crop sown in May during both cropping seasons. This study highlights the importance of sowing date in the pest management scenario by defining the final level.