AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2025)
27 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue- 11 )
30 Nov 2025 (Vol - 56 , Issue 11 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Development of Profitability-Based Ranking of Important Cereal Crops in Different States of India and its Implications
In Agriculture, the decision making by farmers depends on number of factors starting from climate, knowledge, economic cost and benefits, markets etc. Among them the profit from the crop is also one of the major factors. The increase or decrease in area under the crop by farmers mostly depends on profits from the crop. This profit from the crop is regularly changing. In important cereal crops, the profitability-based ranking is developed for important cereal crops in different states of India. In case of paddy, it is found that Punjab, MP, Haryana etc. are leaders in reaping benefits while other states as West Bengal, UP, Jharkhand etc. are getting lesser benefits from the crops. In case of Wheat, MP, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab etc. are leading states in profitability, while Maharashtra, Karnataka, West Bengal are earning lesser profits. In maize, it is found that Maharashtra, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh etc. are leading states in profitability while Gujarat, Rajasthan, HP etc. are earning lesser profits. In Jowar, Andhra Pradesh and MP are leading states in profitability while Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra etc. are earning lesser profits. In case of Bajra, it is found that Gujarat has higher profitability while UP, Haryana, Maharashtra etc. are earning lesser profits. In case of Ragi, Karnataka and Odisha are leading states, but the profitability is very low. The higher profits in crops in region will lead to higher area of the crop over the period, so as an indicator, the efforts should be made to regulate the profits from all crops to maintain the diversity in area and trade between the regions. The number of factors are associated with higher and lesser profits in cereal crops as availability of suitable climate, inputs, irrigation facility, high yielding seed, consumption pattern, market support at higher price. By providing some of these facilities, the diversity can be created in cereals crops in the region. Higher the concentration of few crops in the region, will lead to imbalance of resources, pest and diseases and inequality.
CORRELATION BETWEEN POPULATION OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS AND WEATHER PARAMETERS IN CHILLI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
The present investigations were carried out at farmers’ fields, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (Central India) during Rabi 2017-18 and 2018-19 growing seasons. Regular weekly observations were recorded in chilli crop on farmers' fields, at four locations, during both the years. Studies on the correlation of insect pests and natural enemies in chilli crop revealed that five species of insects i.e. whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, jassids, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida), Mites, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), and fruit-borers, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, one species of predator Coccinella transversalis Fabricius and also leaf curl incidence correlation with whiteflies to be a workout. During 2017-18 the correlation studies revealed that the minimum temperature, morning vapor pressure, and evaporation had a significant negative correlation (r= -0.471, -0.498, and -0.458 respectively) with the whiteflies population, whereas, none of the weather parameters showed a significant impact on thrips and fruit borer population. Rainfall had a significant positive correlation (r= 0.476 and 0.478) with jassids & mites. During 2018-19 the correlation studies revealed that maximum temperature, minimum temperature, morning vapor pressure, evening vapor pressure, and evaporation had a significant negative correlation (r= -0.476, -0.547, -0.572, -0.431, and -0.464, respectively) with whiteflies population. Morning relative humidity had a significant negative correlation (r= -0.554) with the thrips population. Wind velocity had a significant positive correlation (r= 0.458) with the jassids population. Morning relative humidity and evening relative humidity had a significant positive correlation (r= 0.452 and 0.472 respectively) with the mite population, while evaporation had a significant negative correlation (r= -0.458) with it. Fruit borer did not show correlation with any weather factor. In the year 2017-18, the correlation studies revealed that rainfall had a significant positive correlation (r= 0.499) with the ladybird beetles population while during 2018-19 it was non-significant. During both the years, 2017-18 and 2018-19 Rabi season the leaf curl incidence did not show a significant correlation with the mean populations of B. tabaci during different meteorological standard weeks.
Prevalence and Pathology of Foot and Mouth disease in swine of Western Uttar Pradesh
Foot and mouth disease is highly contagious viral disease of swine caused by aphtho virus of family picornaviridae characterised by fever and formation of vesicles on the buccal mucosa, feet and teat. This disease is rarely fatal and have very high morbidity and low mortality. It causes sudden death in young piglets. A study was undertaken regarding the sero-prevalence, hemato-biochemical, clinical signs and histopathological study of FMD in pigs in Western Uttar Pradesh. The present study was undertaken in various places of western Uttar Pradesh for the period of twelve months i.e., from May 2020 to April 2021. A total of 2640 animals from different farms in various places of western UP were selected for the study. The seroprevalence of FMD by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was observed as 26.51%. Haematology revealed a decrease in total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb) value in the animals found seropositive for FMD in comparison to the seronegative animals. Serum biochemical test results showed an increase in ALT, AST values as well as serum creatinine and BUN values in the animals found seropositive for FMD. Clinical signs includes fever, lameness, blisters and ulcers were seen on the oral mucosa, feet and teats. Gross observation revealed vesicular lesions and ulcerations of the dorsal surface of tongue, snout and foot region, myocarditis and petechial haemorrhage in heart. Microscopically intercellular oedema in the stratum spinosum, micro vesicle formations in skin, inter-alveolar septal thickening due to mononuclear cells infiltration and emphysema in lungs were observed indicating the secondary bacterial infection.
Effect of Melatonin as Semen Additive to Tris Extender on Frozen Semen Quality of Murrah Bull Semen
The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the impact of melatonin at different concentrations (1 mM and 2 mM) on the seminal parameters before and after cryopreservation of extended Murrah bull semen. Thirty-six ejaculates, collected with the aid of an artificial vagina twice a week from six Murrah bulls were included in the study. Each ejaculate was diluted in a Tris-citric-acid-fructose-egg-yolk-glycerol (TFYG) extender keeping 80 million sperm per ml and split into three equal aliquots, which were supplemented with melatonin (0, 1 and 2 mM; Treatment C, T1 and T2, respectively), filled in 0.25 mL straws and equilibrated for 4 hr at 4 °C, and then frozen in LN2 vapour. Frozen straws were thawed at 37°C for 30 seconds in a water bath for the post-thaw evaluation. Sperm motility, percent live sperm, sperm abnormalities, in-vitro fertility tests (hypo-osmotic swelling test & cervical mucus penetration distance) and enzyme leakage (AST, ALT) were evaluated at both post-dilution and post-thaw stages. The results revealed that the addition of melatonin, at both 1 mM and 2 mM concentrations significantly (P<0.05) improved sperm motility, sperm livability, and HOS-positive spermatozoa. Further, the sperm abnormalities and enzyme leakage were significantly (P<0.05) lower in melatonin-treated groups than in control group. The results were the best with 1 mM methionine supplementation. In conclusion, the study showed that melatonin at a concentration of 1 mM exhibited superior protection of sperm structures and functions as compared to 2 mM melatonin than the control group.
In Vitro And In Vivo Antihemolytic Effect, Acute toxicity, In Vivo Anti Inflammatory And Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Globularia alypum Extracts
Globularia alypum (GA) is medicinal plant largely used traditionally in folk medcine in Algeria, locally named Tasselgha. It is effective in the treatement of various diseases. In present study, preparation of various extracts from Globularia alypum (GA) using solvent with increasing polarity were determined. Quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids showed that ethyl acetate extract (AcE) contains the higher amount of polyphenols. However, chloroform extract (ChE) and AcE present the higher amount of flavonoids. The antibacterial effect was evaluated using the diffusion method on agar against 11 ATCC strains. AcE and ChE were more active on the most bacteria. In synergy test with Gentamicin, additive, potential, antagonist and synergic effects were found. Acute toxicity of GA was performed on male Swiss albino mice. LD50 is up to the 400 mg/kg dose of acute treatment GA extract, we did not observe significant mortality. Anti-hemolytic activity was tested of GA extracts in vitro and in vivo respectively. All extracts increased the HT50 values (Half-Hemolysis Time) in dose-dependent manner. The concentration 84.74µg/ml of ChE and AcE enhance significantly erythrocyte antiradicalar system. Administration of methanolic crude (CrE), aqeuous (AqE) and AcE with dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 21 days resulted in a significant amelioration in both blood and plasma antioxidant capacity and was confirmed in mice treated caused a highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) delay in haemolysis HT50 = 112.8 ± 2.42 min. However, EAc and EAq (100 mg/ml) caused a non-significant delay with HT50s of 69.16 ± 8.82 min and 72.35 ± 2.49 min, respectively. CrE has a moderate activity in vitro. Nevertheless, it is the best erythrocyte antiradical in vivo with a HT50 = 112.8 min. Plasma reducing power assessed by FRAP technique was used to assess the antioxidant effect of GA extracts in vivo, reducing power (RP) continues to increase after 4 minutes of reaction and even doubles at 30 minutes for all the extracts. Reaction of ascorbic acid (VIT C) did not undergo any apparent change after the first four minutes (PR4min= 0.42 ± 0.023; PR30min= 0.55 ± 0.0174). Comparison of the reducing powers of these extracts with those of the VIT C group shows that there is no significant difference Anti-inflammatory activity using phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on mice showed that CrE reduced the weight of the ear edema. The oedema weight of the control group was 7.26 ± 0.15 mg, reduced by Diclofenac to 4.44 ± 0.13 mg. CrE of GA (100 mg/kg) also reduced the weight to 5.88 ± 0.48. Present plant had a low degree of anti-inflammatory activity (%I= 19.00 ± 3.18%) compared with that of Diclofenac used as the reference drug (%I= 38.84 ± 1.87%). In conclusion, Globularia alypum have a strong pharmacological power, which supports their medicinal traditional use.