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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

Submission Deadline
04 Oct 2023 (Vol - 54 , Issue- 10 )
Upcoming Publication
31 Oct 2023 (Vol - 54 , Issue 10 )

Aim and Scope :

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America

AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:

Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering

Effect of Immunomodulatory Diet on Uterine Involution and Postpartum Reproductive Performance in Dairy Cows at Southern Districts of Tamil Nadu

Paper ID- AMA-13-07-2023-12420

This study was conducted in 36 multiparous Cross Bred Jersey cows at Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts of Tamil Nadu state in India from the day of calving up to day 45 post-partum with the aim to assess the effect of an immunomodulatory diet on postpartum uterine involution, follicular dynamics, and reproductive performance by using trans-rectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Animals were divided into three groups on the basis of feeding viz. Group I (n=12), as control, Group II (n=12), was fed with conventional balanced feed and Group III (n=12), was fed with an immunomodulatory diet with flax seed and the inclusion of organic minerals and supplements. TRUS was performed on day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 to assess the uterine involution and elimination of bacterial contamination. Further, USG was also performed on day 7, 10,13,16,19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 37, 40, 43, and 45 to assess follicular dynamics. All animals were subjected to estrus synchronization by using the CIDR protocol and performance parameters were recorded. This study revealed that uterine involution was significantly faster (P<0.01) in Group III than in Group I and II. PMN % was significantly lower (P<0.01) in Group III followed by Group II and I. Further, the emergence of 1st Follicular wave and ovulation was significantly (P<0.01) earlier in Group III than in Group I and II, and the intensity of estrum and conception rate was significantly higher (P<0.01) in Group III as compared to Group I and II. The number of AI per conception was significantly lower (P<0.01) in animals fed with immunomodulatory feed than in the other two groups.

Investigation OF Antioxidant, Anticoagulant, and Thrombolytic Activities OF Santolina chamaecyparissus

Paper ID- AMA-12-07-2023-12417

This study investigated the influence of polyphenol chemicals from Santolina chamaecyparissus and its fractions (SCE) on antioxidant, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic capacities. Polyphenols were extracted using 85% methanol and partitioned with different solvents. The antioxidant activity of SCE was assessed using OH° and ABTS free radical scavenging assays. Anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities were determined in healthy human volunteers. In silico studies employed molecular docking and ADMET tests to examine the interaction of isolated polyphenols with coagulation protein factor Xa. The EAE fraction exhibited the highest total polyphenol content and demonstrated strong scavenging activity against ABTS and OH° radicals. EAE significantly prolonged clotting times, outperforming the standard Plavix, and showed superior clot lysis compared to standard citrate. Molecular docking analysis revealed that Rutin, apigenin-7-o-neohesperidoside, luteolin 7-glucoside, and Lonicerin had high affinity for Factor Xa, surpassing Plavix. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the potential of EAE as an alternative or adjunct therapeutic option.

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers could be used an aid to Assess the Effectiveness of the Therapy for Open Cervix Pyometra in Canine

Paper ID- AMA-12-07-2023-12415

The present study was conducted in eighteen bitches aged between 2 and 6 years brought to Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Chennai and diagnosed with open cervix pyometra. Group I (n=6) bitches were treated with Cloprostenol @ 5 µg/kg bwt SC and cabergoline @ 5 µg/kg bwt orally once daily for 7 days. Group II (n=6) bitches were treated Dinoprost tromethamine intravaginally in to the vaginal lumen at the dose rate of 150 µg/kg bwt for 7 days. Group III (n=6) bitches were treated surgically by ovariohysterectomy. Group IV (n=6) served as healthy control group. Serum samples were collected from all bitches at weekly intervals and serum levels of oxidative stress markers (Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Catalase, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) were analysed using ELISA method. Results showed reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes and elevated levels of lipid peroxidation metabolite (TBARS) in all the treatment groups. Oxidative stress was reduced by 3 weeks in all treatment groups. Hence, it was concluded that pyometra produces predominant oxidative stress and surgical treatment of pyometra reduced oxidative stress to much better extent when compared to medical treatment.

Multivariate Analysis of Morpho-physiological Traits In Advance Lines of Bread Wheat

Paper ID- AMA-11-07-2023-12414

Awareness of genetic diversity in wheat is crucial for the selection of parental genotypes that could yield heterotic combinations. So, the purpose of this study is to assess the genetic diversity of forty wheat advance lines chosen from diverse geographic regions. Field experimentation was carried out at Wheat and barley Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar during Rabi, 2019-20 with three replications. The data were recorded for 15 different morpho-physiological parameters. The results revealed that first seven PCs with Eigen values >1 contributed to 75.54 % of the variance among genotypes. Among these PC1 contributes to the greatest variation (23.39%) followed by PC2 (12.10%) and PC3 (10.83%). Maximum positive component loading towards PC1 was contributed by NDVI, SL/S, ET/m, G/S, DH and DM. Maximum number of positive component loading for PC2 was contributed by HI, TGW and GY/P. Cluster analysis divides the experimental material into five major clusters with cluster Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ possessed nine genotypes in each. Higher inter-cluster distance was observed than intra-cluster distance. The maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster Ⅲ (49.83) and the maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster Ⅰ and cluster V (88.22). Based on current study, it can be suggested that the important morpho-physiological traits could serve as effective phenotypic markers for the selection of high-yielding wheat varieties, while the genotypes from clusters I and V with the most diverse parents could be used in the hybridization programme to develop the most promising hybrids.

Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles mediating Curcuma caesia Roxb. leaf extract and assessment of its antifungal activity against Colletotrichum capsici

Paper ID- AMA-10-07-2023-12408

The copper nanoparticles were synthesized using the leaf extract of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) and were characterized using UV-VIS spectrophotometer, DLS, NTA, SEM, and FTIR. The biosynthesized CuNPs showed an SPR peak in the range of 225-230 nm. The NTA results revealed the size of CuNPs to range from 100 to 200 nm. DLS measurements showed CuNPs synthesized at 300C reaction temperature produced NPs of size 116.8 nm and had a zeta potential of -21.7 mV. SEM studies revealed the morphology of copper nanoparticles as irregular rod-like structures arranged in a flower-like pattern. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups, viz., OH, C-H, N-H, C-N, and C=C, which triggered reduction of copper ions to CuNPs. The CuNPs showed antifungal activity against Colletotrichum capsici and showed maximum growth inhibition (63.93%) at 500 ppm concentration. The mode of action of CuNPs against the fungal pathogen was divulged by NBT staining, quantification of MDA, leakage of intracellular components, antioxidant enzymes and light microscopy. The results confirmed the generation of ROS, causing membrane lipid peroxidation, leakage of intracellular components, causing distortion and death of the fungus. The field experiment reported that CuNP successfully reduced the disease severity of leaf spot of turmeric. The treatment T6 (Rhizome treatment with CuNPs @ 100 ppm and foliar spray with CuNPs @ 100 ppm, thrice at 21 days interval) showed lowest disease severity (34.4 %) with maximum yield (20.98 t/ha). Thus, results from this study provides alternative solution for management of leaf spot of turmeric.