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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering. Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption Fa yi xue za zhi
25 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 04 )
30 Apr 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 04 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Nitrogen driven microbial decomposition of in-situ rice residue impacts the meteorological parameters and productivity of happy seeder sown wheat in sub tropical India
The field experiment was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana and University Seed Farm, Ladhowal, Punjab during rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 with an aim to increase the pace of in-situ microbial decomposition of rice residues and stubbles using preplant dual sprays of two microbial cultures (Delftia or Aspergillus sp.) on happy seeder sown wheat. The experiment consisted of six nitrogen management techniques (kg/ha) in main plots and three microbial applications + an unsprayed control in sub plots and combinations of these were tested in split plot design with three replications. The meteorological indices viz., grain yield heat use efficiency (GY-HUE) and grain yield helio thermal use efficiency (GY-HTUE) were found to be maximum in N5 where nitrogen (N) was applied @ 150 kg/ha preceded by 3% urea spray on in-situ rice residue after paddy harvest. Maximum GY-HUE and GY-HTUE recorded in Delftia sp. i.e. M3. Minimum canopy temperature, maximum NDVI, 1000-grain weight and grain yield prevailed in N5 and M3 treatments. Treatment N5 produced 93.5% and 75.0% higher grain yield over control i.e. N1 at Ludhiana and 64.9% and 77.2% higher grain yield over N1 at Ladhowal during 1st year and 2nd year, respectively. Microbial culture in promoting rice residue decomposition and appropriate nitrogen application are crucial for wheat crop resilience and productivity in the face of changing climate scenarios.
Infrared thermography as a Potential Non-Invasive Tool for the assessment of skin surface temperature of buffalo heifers supplemented with cumin and molasses during hot dry and hot humid seasons under field conditions
This investigation was carried out in well adopted buffalo breed Murrah over a period of nine months, encompassing three seasons, to demonstrate the effect of cumin and molasses supplementation on thermographic profile of Murrah heifers at different anatomical locations viz., forehead temperature (°C), ear temperature (°C), elbow joint temperature (°C) and flank temperature (°C) during different season. A total of 24 Murrah heifers, maintained at Kathura village of Sonipat district (India) were selected and monitored for the thermal profiling at different anatomical locations of body using infrared thermography at monthly interval during hot dry and hot humid season using an IR camera (ThermaCamTM SC2000;FLIR Systems, Inc., Wilsonville, OR, USA). Thermograms were analysed by ThermaCamTM Researcher 2001 software (FLIR Systems AB, Danderyd, Sweden). Statistical analysis revealed that different supplement and seasons had significant (P<0.05) effect on body surface temperature at different anatomical sites. The magnitude of the increase in the IRT temperature at different anatomical regions of Murrah heifers was lower in the treatment groups compared to control group. The results of the study suggest that cumin and molasses can be used to alleviate heat stress in Murrah heifers.
CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH ANALYSIS STUDIES IN HIGH YIELDING MUTANTS OF POST RAINY SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
The present investigation was undertaken at Department of Agricultural Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth Parbhani. The experiment was carried out with the objective of estimation of correlation and path analysis. Initially, Parbhani Moti, the popular post rainysorghum variety, had been irradiated with gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate and their combinations at department of Agricultural Botany, VNMKV, Parbhani under a collaborative project with BARC, Mumbai. In M4 generation, 60 promising high yielding mutants derived from the above mutagenized population along with four checks were evaluated in eight environments. The pooled correlation revealed that, the grain yield per plant hadsignificant and positive correlation both at genotypic and phenotypic levels withplant height, stem girth, panicle length, panicle breadth, panicle weight, 1000grain weight, fodder yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index. Onthe other hand, grain yield per plant had highly significant and negativecorrelation both at genotypic and phenotypic levels with days to 50 per cent flowering and internodal length. It indicates selection of these characters helps toenhance the yield.11. The grain yield per plant had non significant and positive correlation both at genotypic and phenotypic levels with days to maturity, leaf area, ironcontent, zinc content and non-significant negative correlation at genotypic andphenotypic levels with protein content.12. The path coefficient analysis revealed that, biological yield, and harvestindex at genotypic level while panicle weight, fodder yield and harvest index atphenotypic level exhibited high and positive direct effects on grain yield perplant. Thus, these characters turned-out to be the major components of grain yieldand direct selection for these traits will be rewarding for yield improvement.
Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression Studies in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Twenty eight mungbean hybrids derived from 8 x 8 diallel excluding reciprocal crosses were studied to know the magnitude of heterobetiosis, standard heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and its component characters in mungbean. The magnitude of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis was high for seed yield, number of pods per plant, number of clusters per plant and number of primary branches per plant. The crosses Vaibhav x Asha for heterobeltiosis and K 851 x OUM 11-5 for standard heterosis showed significant and the highest value for seed yield and its important component traits. Only one heterotic cross i.e. K 851 x Pant-M 4 for seed yield did not show inbreeding depression for same trait. Further this cross did not show inbreeding depression for most of the characters.
Correlation of major soil enzymes with population dynamics of Ralstonia solanacearum under different ginger based crop rotation system.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose) is considered as one of the most important commercially grown spice crops. Green wilt disease caused by pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the devastating disease causing huge economic losses among the ginger growing communities. In hill regions of West Bengal, ginger is mostly grown organically and management of the pathogen and disease is challenging. Therefore, crop rotation with non-host crops plays a vital role in management of such soil borne pathogen by reducing the population load. Additionally left over compost and incorporation of FYM as an organic source of nutrients in organic cultivation of crop not only helps in increasing organic matter content and enhancing soil quality but also helps in enhancing various enzymatic activities. This enzymatic activity has been used as an indicator in enhancing beneficial soil microflora which helps in reducing the soil borne pathogens. The finding of the present experiments indicated cabbage-based crop rotation system with ginger as a beneficial one as it helps in reducing the pathogen population during the active tillering stage which is the crucial stage of pathogen infection. Also a significant negative correlation of R. solanacearum population with Dehydrogenase and β- glucosidase enzymes was recorded however no significant correlation was observed with the Acid phosphatase enzymes.