Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) was diagnosed in 45 dogs based on cytological examination of urine samples. Breed-wise, the highest incidence was observed in non-descript and Labrador Retriever breeds. Males and dogs aged between 5 to 10 years were most frequently affected, as revealed by sex and age-wise analysis. Cytologically, neoplastic transitional cells were observed both as individual cells and in multifocal clusters. The neoplastic cells exhibited marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. The nuclei were predominantly round to ovoid in shape, often containing multiple prominent nucleoli. Additional nuclear abnormalities including binucleation, multinucleation, and nuclear moulding were also observed. The cytoplasm of neoplastic cells appeared deeply basophilic, with varying numbers and sizes of cytoplasmic vacuoles. Urinary tract infection (UTI) was concurrently diagnosed in 11 cases (78.57%). Bacterial culture of urine samples from dogs diagnosed with TCC revealed the presence of Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas spp.