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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2024)
05 Sep 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 09 )
30 Sep 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 09 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Determination of the site of the protonation of substituted hydrazobenzenes
The aim of this work is the determination of protonation site of hydrazobenzene derivatives in gas phase by using ab initio calculations. Optimizations of neutrals and N-ptotonated species are effectuated at the DFT/B3LYP method with the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Introduction of natural bond orbital NBO population analysis, fukui functions and local softness s( f )k are calculated to determine the most site of hydrogen attack. Energetic comparison between N1 and N2 protonated compounds were effectuated to determine the most stable protonated species. The protonation occurs preferentially on the nitrogen atom of the substituted cycle. Structural analysis of all the neutrals and N-protonated species correspondents is effectuated to analyze the geometry changes between the N-protonated and neutral ones. Different global chemical parameters of reactivity have been calculated to determine a reactive compound.
Determination of Soaking Kinetics of Green Chickpea Whole seed, kernel and hull var. Pusa 112
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop grown and consumed all over the world as it is a good source of carbohydrates and protein. The study was conducted with major aim to develop chickpea flakes using Pusa Green 112 variety of chickpea. The process included several unit operations like soaking of grain, heat treatment, flaking, heat treatment, spicing and packaging. Initially, soaking characteristics of chickpea (Pusa Green 112) whole grain, kernel and hull was evaluated at temperatures 20 to 100°C. It was found that water absorption increased with increase in temperature. The hydration rate decreased with increase in soaking time. The maximum moisture content of whole seeds, kernel and hull obtained at 100°C was 60.1% (w.b.), 56.3% (wb) and 65.1% (wb), respectively. Moisture diffusivity for whole chickpea during hydration in the given temperature range varied from 7.36x10-4 to 1.29 x10-3 m²/s while for kernel it was 0.044 to 0.083 m²/s. Activation energy for hydration of whole Bengal gram was found to be 60.63kJ.mol-1 while that of kernel was 26.76 kJ.mol-1.
Antioxidant and topical anti-inflammatory activities of Salvia argentea L. crude extract.
Salvia argentea L., commonly called silver sage, a species belonging to the Lamiaceae family and commonly known as «Ferrache en neda» in Algeria, has a significant presence in traditional medicine. This study was devoted to explore the contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins in the hydro-methanolic extract of Salvia argentea L. aerial part and assessing its antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The colorimetric methods; Folin-Ciocalteu, Aluminium trichloride and vanillin were used for the estimation of polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays were used to estimate antioxidant activity. The anti-inflammatory potential was tested in mice models of ear edema induced by Croton oil and xylene. The results showed an extraction yield of 6.03%. The phytochemical analysis demonstrated the extract's abundance in polyphenols with a ratio of 75.56±0.56 (mg GAE/gE) and subsequently with tannins (36.93±1.74 mg CE/gE), and a moderate ratio of flavonoids (16.44±0.17 mg QE/gE). The antioxidant results confirmed that SACrE exhibited a strong activity against the DPPH radical (IC50: 0,085±0,0002 ± mg/mL) compared with BHT, as well as an effective phosphomolybdenum reducer power (EC50: 0,147±0,005 mg/mL). In the anti-inflammatory test, oral administration of SACrE with its three different doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) significantly reduced edema in both models. At a dose of 600 mg/kg, the extract showed substantial inhibition, reaching 58,78 % against xylene-induced ear edema. On the other hand, in croton oil-induced edema, the extract showed notable inhibition of ear edema, displaying a reduction of 81.33% using 400 mg/kg of extract. This study highlighted SACrE's antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory capacities. They also underlined the crucial role of S. argentea L., as a reservoir of potentially beneficial compounds for therapeutic applications.
Farmer Producer Organisations an enabling business module for small and marginal farmers aspirations: Insight from Jharkhand, India
In the present study financial health and evolving contours of support system of Farmers Producer Organisations (FPOs) of Jharkhand analysed. Positive and significant debt equity and current ratio endorse sustainability of the business plan of these FPOs. However, significant value of current liability underscores needs for improvisation of business model with changing local and global dynamics. FPO like of Majhiaon Farmer Producer Company with the highest turnover and net profit together with encouraging debt equity ratio are exemplary venture infusing trust into FPOs as a game changer of rural India. This entrepreneurial venture translated positive influence over economic motivation, social participation, techno-savviness, extension contact and mass media exposure in case sensitive manner. All these transformational developments endorsed positive impact of FPO operationalization over socio-economic heterogeneity in the region and consolidated its role as a social homogenizer.
IMPACT OF SEASONS ON SEMEN QUALITY IN JAMNAPARI BUCK UNDER PURVANCHAL REGION OF UTTAR PRADESH
The experiment was conducted to assess the effect of the different season on Jamnapari bucks on the basis of semen quality. Data on 144 ejaculates from four adult Jamnapari bucks (n = 6x6) were recorded. Semen was collected by the artificial vagina method twice a week, within 6:00 a.m., from each buck, during four seasons: autumn (September to November), winter (December to February), spring (March to May) and summer (June to August). The mean semen volume (1.14±0.06) in winter was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the mean observed in other seasons. Ejaculate volumes did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between the seasons. The percent of live sperm count, initial motility, acrosomal integrity, HOS positive spermatozoa, and distance travelled by vanguard spermatozoa were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher during autumn and winter than during spring and summer. The abnormal sperm count was lower in autumn (4.50±0.38%) and winter (6.04±0.42%) than in spring (6.50±0.37%) and summer (6.50±0.37%). In conclusion, the study found that seasons had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on individual motility, live sperm count, abnormal sperm, and intact acrosomes, whereas semen volume and sperm concentration/mL did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between the seasons.