The present study was conducted in Coimbatore, Erode, Karur and Tirupur districts of Tamil Nadu with the objectives to explore the strength, weakness, opportunities and challenges prevailing and to develop suitable extension strategies for in situ conservation of Kangayam cattle. Snowball sampling technique was pursued to identify 50Kangayamcattle farmersin each district, thus a total of 200 respondents were selected for the study. Rank Based Quotients (RBQ) technique was employed to find out the most important item under each section of SWOC toolpertaining to the Kangayam cattle farming which was developed through series of focused group discussions. Results revealed that the most important strengths expressed by the respondents were; inherent nature of the Kangayam cattle farming viz., dual purposes breed, zero / low input farming system and having high adaptability of Kangayam cattle by way of “survive, produce and reproduce” in the tropical climate. Respondents’ perceived cost of Kangayam cattle was relatively high when compared to crossbred cattle, comparatively low milk production capacity of the Kangayamcattle and the absence of special pricing policy for A2 milk produced by Kangayam cattle in dairy cooperatives as the top three weaknesses. Sale of A2 milk at premium price, value addition of milk and milk products like buttermilk, butter, ghee etc., and marketing them at premium price and conversion and marketing of farm waste into byproducts were considered as the three most important opportunities in Kangayam cattle farming. Scientific institutions orientation towards promoting high yielding crossbred and lack of organized breeding in indigenous breeds were the important challenges opined. The study also suggested suitable strategies based on the SWOC analysis for in -situ conservation of Kangayam cattle.