To create selection indices, fifty various vegetable cowpea genotypes were assessed for twelve traits. Characters were taken into consideration as selection index criteria if they had a desirable correlation as well as moderate to high direct effect on green pod yield per plant. For the purpose of generating selection indices, the green pod yield per plant (X1) and its four components including pod length (X2), number of pods per cluster (X3), number of pods per plant (X4) and ten pod weight (X5) were identified. The selection index based on single character was efficient over straight selection for green pod yield per plant and showed maximum gain and relative efficiency. The efficiency of selection increased with the inclusion of more number of characters in the index. The index based on five characters viz., green pod yield per plant, pod length, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant and ten pod weight recorded highest genetic advance and relative efficiency followed by green pod yield per plant, pod length, number of pods per plant and ten pod weight.