Journal ID : AMA-05-08-2021-10531
[This article belongs to Volume - 51, Issue - 01]
Total View : 675

Title : Plant- derived metal nanoparticles based nanobiopesticides to control common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) pests and diseases in Morocco.

Abstract :

In Morocco, there is a whole range of enemies of common beans, insects (aphids, whitefly, leaf miner, and spider), nematodes, diseases (grease, rust, powdery mildew and various rots) and viruses. Severe damage caused by theses enemies in this crop has led to the usage of different chemical insecticides. The residues of these chemicals, however, cause deleterious effects to man like cancer, adverse effects on immune systems, neurological disorder, and metabolic diseases such as diabetes, endocrine system disruption, and infertility and to the environment like the destruction of the biodiversity and contamination of water and soils. In recent years the interest in nanobiopesticides have increased because of their efficiency in small quantities and because they are environmentally safe. Biopesticides are a type of pesticides obtained from natural sources such as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. Nanotechnology is a developing field dealing with materials having a size of 10−9. Farmers have been using this technology for proper plant growth stimulation, diagnosis of plant disease, and pest control. In this review, we are interested in plant and metal nanoparticles based pesticides. The development of efficient green chemistry methods for synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an eco-friendly technique for production of well-characterized nanoparticles. In addition, we chose plants for our study because they are easily available; safe to handle, and possess a broad variability of metabolites that may aid in reduction, plants are successfully used in the synthesis of various green nanoparticles such as cobalt, copper, silver, gold, platinum, zinc oxide and Titanium oxide. Therefore, metal nanoparticles produced by plants are stable and easy to synthetize. We collected, in this review a variety of plants used in the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles to formulate nanobiopesticides against common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) pests and diseases in Morocco. The green metal nanoparticles show promising results in pest management and the application of available literature on the challenges affecting common bean production in Morocco was theoretically successful, but it requires in vitro and also in planta applications and they must be monitored for potential toxic effects on flora and fauna activity, abundance, and diversity.

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