The objective of this work is to compare the physico-chemical characteristics and nutritional composition of meat fatty acids, which indicate the quality of the local breed in Algeria and that of the imported. Twenty individuals of each breed were used and left grazing feeding in grassland on grassy pasture for 120 days. At slaughter, five animals from each group were slaughtered and samples of muscles of the rectum were removed and analytical measurements were carried out on the physicochemical level and determination of fatty acid contents. A gradual acidification for both bovines (was distinguished): up to a pHu 5.49 ± 0.16 on the 14th day conservation for the local bovine and 5.48 ± 0.14 for the imported one. The water retention capacity increased in parallel with the pH drop and reached a value of 0.56 ± 0.19 g / g at (after) the 14th days post mortem (local bovine) and 0.86 ± 0.51 g / g post-mortem (imported cattle). Total lipids were significantly higher in meat from imported cattle compared to the local cattle group (3.17 ± 0.27 VS 2.87± 0.32 g/100g muscle). The levels of saturated fatty acids are significantly higher in meat from the imported population compared to those recorded in meat from the local bovine population (2039.83 ± 27.90 VS 1696.77 ± 48.32 mg/100g muscle). Among these saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid appears significantly high in imported beef compared to local beef (1144.33 ± 19.68 VS 922.95 ± 21.10 mg/100g muscle). Regarding the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, is very significantly higher in the meat of the local population compared to that recorded in the meat of the imported population (346.71 ± 33.44 VS 186.47 ± 16.35 mg /100g muscle) which is more in line with the recommendations of nutritionists. On the other hand, we note that linolenic acid is significantly high in meat from the local population compared to that recorded in meat from the imported population (136.30 ± 7.51 VS 103.52 ± 7.79 mg/100gmuscle). For monounsaturated fatty acids, no significant difference was observed between the two groups of cattle. The sum of omega 3 fatty acids was significantly high in meat from the local population compared to that recorded in meat from the imported population (72.33±8.35 VS 32.29 ± 4.33 mg/100g). For the lipid profile the report polyunsaturated fatty and saturated fatty acids ratio (0.20±0.02 VS 0.09±0.01) for the rectum femoris muscle were also dietetic more favorable for the local population than the imported group.