Phytoremediation is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach that uses plants to remove water contaminants. It shows great promise in addressing water pollution. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of phytoremediation in treating water contaminated with various pollutants. The study specifically investigates the impact of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the growth and physiology of Arundo donax, a plant used in lead (Pb) phytoremediation. Response surface methodology is used to optimize experimental conditions to maximize Pb removal by Arundo donax. The results demonstrate that the use of EDTA enhances the solubility of Pb in water, making it easier for the plant's roots to absorb it. There are significant correlations between the concentrations of Pb, the time of sampling, the use of EDTA, and the amount of Pb eliminated. The validity of our model and the significance of the studied factors were confirmed through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results highlight the potential of using EDTA-assisted Arundo donax for Pb phytoremediation. This research contributes to the development of sustainable and efficient methods for mitigating Pb-induced water contamination, which is crucial for protecting human health and the environment.