A field experiment was conducted at 24 locations (four farmers in a village, three villages viz., Kothimorh, Dabber and Chakbana of Bishnah and Shekhupur, Chakmajra and Chakkeema of Arnia in two blocks i.e. Bishnah and Arnia) to evaluate the effect of balanced fertilization on productivity, nutrient use efficiency and economics of Rice-Wheat predominant cropping system of Jammu district of J&K during 2017-18 to 2019-20. The Experiment was laid out in RBD design. Seven fertilizer treatments; Control (0-0-0), N alone (N-0-0), NP (N-P-0), NK (N-0-K), NPK (N-P-K), NPK + Zn (N-P-K-Zn), FP (Farmers Practices) were taken under study and the data revealed that the application of recommended dose of NPK +ZN realized the highest grain yield of rice 2916.14 kg/ha and wheat (2926.29 kg/ha) and productivity in terms of REY 5772.85 kg, system net returns Rs 133188 with B:C ratio of 3.16 in comparison to other treatments. However, the average partial factor productivity was observed in the order of NPK in Rice (97.20, 145.80 and 291.61) and in Wheat (29.26, 58.52 and 117.05 kg grain/kg) along with agronomic use efficiency of 54.86, 82.29 and 164.58 in rice and 15.47, 30.94 and 61.89 kg grain/kg of applied nutrient in wheat. And Nutrient response in rice (26.7 kg grain/kg) and wheat (28.23 kg grain/kg) was also observed in the plots fertilized with recommended dose of NPK+ Zn. Balanced application of N, P and K was found to increase the system productivity and nutrient use efficiency of Rice-Wheat cropping system.