The present study was carried out to find out the cause for abortion in a sheep flock in Thanjavur district of Tamilnadu, India. Out of 100 sheep in the flock, 20 abortions were recorded by the farmer. Based on the report, Vaginal swabs from recently aborted sheep and sera samples were collected from all affected animals. All tested sera samples were found positive for brucellosis. Culture and isolation were done on nutrient agar and blood agar media. Primary characterization was carried out by catalase test, oxidase test and modified ZN staining technique. Two suspected cultures were subjected to molecular characterization using the B.melitensis specific primers (IS711) found to be positive for Brucella melitensis. Outbreak of Brucellosis has been confirmed. This is a primary report of Brucella melitensis outbreak in Cauvery delta region of Thanjavur district, Tamilnadu. Study shows the occurrence of Brucella melitensis in the area which is of major zoonotic concern.