Moisture-dependent physical and thermal properties of charota (Cassia tora L.) seeds were evaluated at six moisture levels ranging from 5.13% to 28.55% (db) to generate engineering data relevant to seed handling and processing. Seed dimensions, including length, width and thickness, increased significantly with increasing moisture content, resulting in corresponding increases in arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter and test weight. Sphericity, surface area, volume and aspect ratio also showed statistically significant variation (p ≤ 0.05) across moisture levels. Bulk density and true density decreased progressively as moisture content increased, whereas porosity exhibited a non-linear trend, initially increasing and subsequently decreasing at higher moisture levels. The angle of repose increased consistently with increasing moisture, indicating reduced flowability of the seeds. The coefficient of friction varied with contact surface and was highest on rubber, followed by mild steel and plywood, and lowest on glass. Thermal conductivity increased with increasing moisture content, while thermal resistivity decreased correspondingly. The observed changes in physical and thermal properties highlight the strong influence of seed moisture on handling, storage and processing behaviour. These findings provide fundamental engineering parameters for the design and optimization of equipment for cleaning, grading, drying and storage of charota seeds.