A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 to investigate the effects of row orientation and cutting management on the growth, yield, and micro-environment of dual-purpose barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in sandy loam soil with low organic carbon and available nitrogen, but high available phosphorus and potassium. The randomized block design included eight treatments with different combinations of row orientations (north-south, east-west, bi-directional) and broadcasting sowing methods, along with varying cutting management techniques. Each treatment was replicated four times. The results indicated that bi-directional sowing of single-purpose barley resulted in a significant increase in all growth and yield characteristics compared to other sowing methods. However, row orientation did not have a significant influence on the growth of dual-purpose barley. From the perspective of farmers, the bi-directional sowing method outperformed other directions and proved to be superior for dual-purpose cultivation of barley, providing both grain and fodder. This was evident from the superior benefit-cost ratio observed. Based on the findings, it is recommended that farmers consider adopting the bi-directional sowing method for barley cultivation to optimize the production of both grain and fodder. These results contribute to a better understanding of the impact of row orientation and cutting management on dual-purpose barley, enabling farmers to make informed decisions and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.