Livestock sector is one of the big enterprises in India and world, which is being commercialized and atomized continuously. Access to reliable supplies of energy is one of the main preconditions for the development of dairy industry and is a key determinant of their competitiveness. With growing concern about climate change and the need to reduce the use of fossil fuels, there is increasing interest in the use of renewable energy. In this regard, geothermal energy is one of the options that can be exploited in countries that are endowed with this resource. Geothermal energy is the heat stored in earth crust and is a clean, sustainable and renewable resource that provides energy using heat derived from the earth. India is in low geothermal potential region (medium range of 100-180oC and less than 100oC is low enthalpy). Geological Survey of India (GSI) has identified estimated geothermal potential of 10,000 MW in India. Different geothermal energy sources are hot water reservoirs, natural steam reservoirs, geo-pressured reservoirs, hot dry rock etc. Geothermal heat can get up to earth's surface though different kind of systems like flash power plant, dry steam power plant and binary power plant. Direct uses of geothermal energy are appropriate for sources below 1500C and can be used for drying, greenhouses, aquaculture, hot water, space heating, air conditioning industrial purpose, resorts and pools, melting snow etc. In livestock sector, geothermal energy is being used in rendering, chilling abattoir products, processing animal by-products, milk processing and livestock treatment and it can used as good source of energy for livestock production like in power operated appliances, feed & fodder treatment, heating & cooling of animal shelter, cleaning & sanitizing of animal shelter, sterilization of dairy equipments etc. Thus, geothermal energy provides clean, an efficient and economic source of energy, has direct and indirect implications and extensive experimentation needs to be undertaken at various geothermal locations to capture and capitalize the geothermal energy.