Vermicomposting, an eco-friendly waste management approach utilizing earthworms to transform organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, offers distinct advantages over conventional composting methodologies. Nevertheless, the comprehensive evaluation of diverse earthworm species, particularly exotic and indigenous variants, in vermicomposting processes remains relatively limited within the existing literature. In this study, we aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by scrutinizing the decomposition kinetics, nutrient profiles, and overall compost quality of two exotic species (Eudrilus eugeniae and Eisenia fetida) alongside one indigenous species (Drawida nepalensis). Our findings reveal discernible variations among the earthworm species in terms of maturation durations, bulk density, pH levels, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, total calcium, total magnesium, dehydrogenase activity, and urease activity. Remarkably, Eisenia fetida exhibited superior performance relative to the other species by significantly reducing total organic carbon content, augmenting nutrient concentrations, and enhancing enzymatic activity. These outcomes underscore the substantial influence of earthworm species selection on the resultant quality and composition of vermicompost. The insights derived from this research have significant implications for advancing environmentally sound waste management practices and enhancing our understanding of the role played by diverse earthworm species in the vermicomposting process.