The experiment was conducted during 2019–2020 at SHUATS, Prayagraj, with 17 genotypes of pigeonpea and one control variety (encoded with G1 to G17) taken from IIPR, Kanpur (U.P.). Prior to storage, the seeds were treated with mustard oil (T1) and carbendazim (T2) and stored for up to twelve months. The untreated seeds (T0) were used as the control. Under controlled laboratory conditions, 51 treatment combinations were tested using a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRD) with 4 replications for seed quality attributes and seed health status during storage (6 and 12 months, respectively). After the storage period, seeds were evaluated in terms of their qualitative attributes and health status. The highest percentage of germination, seedling parameters, vigour indices, and a low incidence of disease were determined by the mean sum of squares of treatment combination T47 (T2G13), which demonstrated significant differences for the given characteristics under this investigation at the 5% level of significance. The loss of seed (Vigour, Viability, and Nutrients) during storage is a serious problem due to infection and deterioration, which results in low germination, poor health, and poor seed set/production. This phenomenon can be checked & stopped at a certain level by various treatments that prevent seed deterioration. The study revealed that mustard oil had little influence on quality attributes and seed health, whereas carbendazim had the greatest effect on all of these characteristics.