Barnyard millet is an essential climate-resilient crop and nutri-cereals. The age of the seedlings at transplantation determines the crop growth, chlorophyll content and yield-related attributes. The field experiment was conducted at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai. Barnyard millet (C.O. (K.V.) 2 seeds were used as base material. The experiment was conducted for two seasons (2017-18) with three replications. The treatment details are direct sowing of seeds, transplanting 12 Days old seedlings, 18 Days old seedlings, 24 Days old seedlings and 30 Days old seedlings. Barnyard millet raised from 24 days old seedlings recorded more growth (146.3 cm), dry matter production (229.6 g plant-1), total chlorophyll content (1.297 mg g-1), productive tillers (7.1), panicle length (25.40 cm), seed yield (3072 kg ha-1) and 1000 seed weight (3.11 g) compared to direct sown crop (134.3 cm, 169.3 g plant-1, 0.627 mg g-1, 5.8, 23.70 cm, 2688 kg ha-1 and 2.70 g) The qualities of the resultant seeds were also higher in crops raised by 24 days old seedlings. The germination per cent increase over direct sown crop is 9 in resultant seeds of 24 days old seedlings transplanted. The reason may be due to better nutrient uptake, water relations, enhanced CO2 fixation and effective assimilating partitioning. Thus, transplanting of 24 days old barnyard millet was better than direct sown and other seedlings to get higher yield.