Bagasse fiber is a byproduct of sugarcane milling. Bagasse is currently used primarily as a fuel in sugarcane mill furnaces. However, the excess production of bagasse waste, as well as the need for sustainable resource use and carbon dioxide neutrality, is an intriguing area to explore and develop biodegradable composite materials from sugarcane bagasse fiber. The goal of this research was to figure out how to separate bagasse fiber and profile it with chemical and physical surface modification techniques in order to improve adhesion and bonding. To remove and characterize raw bagasse, three chemical treatments methods were applied. Sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid were among the extraction device chemicals. Mechanical, thermal, and moisture absorption properties were also considered during the characterization process. To analyze the properties, universal tensile test gage, TGA, DSC, FTIR, XRD, and biological microscope tools were used. The findings revealed that the chemical treatment had an impact on the surface modification of the fiber. When compared to other fiber treatment methods, alkaline treated fibers (concentrated sodium hydroxide) were recommended first for their ease of extraction and best modification in fiber surface property: Moreover, two percent sodium hypochlorite acidified base treatment method were also recommended for their best properties for the development of composite materials.