Journal ID : AMA-09-12-2021-10938
[This article belongs to Volume - 52, Issue - 03]
Total View : 392

Title : Domestication to De novo domestication: Step Towards Gene Editing Revolution

Abstract :

Domestication of wild species round the clock over millennium leads to high yielding varieties of crops well adapted to present growing conditions. Although, humans have benefited from modern technologies to improve agriculture capacities leads to higher production yet growing human population in 21st century needs feeds, cloth, shelter and fuels with limited land availability loaded with additional modern challenges, including climate change, abiotic and biotic stresses. Conventional plant breeding is continuous process focused towards satisfying global food security constrained by environmental calamities, linkage drag, narrow range and insufficiency of genetic diversity etc. De novo domestication through modern gene editing tools have facilitated the development of ideal engineered crops from wild species with desirable agronomic and productivity traits for universal food dependability and safety without loss of valuable genetic diversity. CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing tool intensify efficacy and efficiency of precise gene editing. It is viable tool that has elevated the likelihood of de novo domestication of wild species of crop plants resultant to ideal non-genetically modified crops that can accord to increased yield potential and biotic and abiotic stress resistant characters. De novo domestication helps in designing novel crop ideotype with retained biotic and abiotic stress potential of wild plant which generally losses due course of domestication, a major pitfall of traditional breeding. This review summarizes how de novo domestication through gene editing has been mobilized for trait improvement and harness useful alleles from wild species in different crops.

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