India leads the world in terms of turmeric production, consumption and exports. Turmeric farming is a key agricultural activity in certain parts of Mahabubabad district of Telangana, India. However, farmers in this area face constraints that hinder their productivity and economic stability. The present study aims to enhance the sustainability and profitability of turmeric farming in Mahabubabad district, ensuring a stable livelihood for the farmers. In the present study, specific challenges encountered by the turmeric farmers of Kesamudram and Nellikuduru mandals of Mahabubabad district were investigated, focusing on technical, economic, marketing, storage, and general constraints. Ex-post facto research design was employed where a proportionate random sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents from six villages i.e., three villages from each of the above selected mandals. An interview schedule was added as a data collection tool to strengthen the study, as it allows for a structured approach to gather information directly from the respondents, ensuring the reliability and validity of the findings. The data gathered were compiled and subjected to statistical analysis procedures like cumulative frequency method, percentage analysis and ranking method. The findings revealed that high fluctuations in market prices, pest and disease outbreaks, inadequate storage facilities and lack of technical guidance were the most critical issues. Economic challenges such as high input costs, difficulty in securing loans and insufficient subsidies further exacerbated the situation. Marketing constraints including poor infrastructure, transportation and absence of regulated markets often made farmers to resort to distress sales. Labour shortage further increased their burden. To address these challenges, strategies like promotion of integrated pest management (IPM) programmes, establishment of community based storage facilities and strengthening of farmer producing organizations (FPOs) and cooperatives were proposed to enhance farmers’ bargaining power. Additionally, introducing government-backed procurement systems with minimum support prices (MSP) and improving access to financial services are recommended as the solutions.