Climate change is the statistical distribution of weather patterns over time. This is caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions, poses a serious threat to crop production sustainability by interfering with biotic and abiotic components and their interaction. Nematodes are a significant biotic constraint in crop production. Because of their trophic diversity, nematodes occupy a central position in soil food webs and play an important role in providing essential ecosystem services. Global climate change has a significant environmental impact on plant ecosystems. Global warming, which increased carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature in the atmosphere may have a direct impact on nematodes by interfering with their developmental rate and survival strategies. Several studies have shown that geographical distribution of nematode may expand with global warming, spreading nematode problems to newer areas. Other trophic groups of nematodes (microbial feeders, predators and insect parasites) have been shown to influence plant productivity indirectly by regulating key ecosystem processes such as decomposition, mineralization, biological pest suppression and energy transfer in food webs. Elevated CO2, temperature and precipitation levels have a significant impact on the biology of nematodes including plant and insect- parasitic nematodes. The impact of climate change may be insignificant in comparison to major technical, environmental, and economic shifts that are affecting agricultural production over the next century; however, it will add another layer of unpredictability and complexity to a system that is already exceedingly difficult to manage on an environmentally sound basis. Greater research on climate change research on climate change related issues may lead to a better understanding and management of diseases that affect plants in the face of present and potential climate extremes.