The paper attempts to comprehend goat breeding practices and estimate economic parameters under semi-arid conditions in Rajasthan and analyze related issues. The study in its sample covered a total of 120 goat-keeping households with 70 from Sirohi and 50 from Pali districts from the southern semiarid zone of Rajasthan. A total of 120 households were selected for an interview, descriptive statistics were used to present the findings. The study revealed that the primary source of the breeding buck was raised within the own animals and the type of mating was mainly uncontrolled natural mating. The study also concluded that farmers were acquainted with some practices in scientific goat breeding aspects. The present study suggests the need for comprehensive policy and consistent efforts are required for vocational training of households for further bracing up goat rearing in the tribal region. Thus, paving the way for sustainable livestock production for doubling farmers' income in a semi-arid ecosystem. Breeding practices and reproductive performances of goat requires intervention to design a breeding program that fits the breeding practices of studied communities. So, better husbandry practices with a well-designed breeding program will improve the goat population of the area.