The modern industry is digitalizing at an ultra-fast pace. An increasing number of industrial enterprise processes are controlled using digital technologies. Moreover, an increasing number of production and technological processes are implemented in a highly automated or robotic way, and for such processes any control other than digital is impossible in general. The recent trend in the development of information technologies for production management is the creation of digital twins. This article analyzes the concepts of digitalization and digital twin. An idea is given of the approach to the implementation of digital twin technology in the production process and operation of complex technical systems. Subclasses of innovative tools used in this technology are structured. The directions of development of the system of operation of its subsystems in special conditions are presented. Particular attention is paid to methods for diagnostics and monitoring the state of objects with the ability to predict their changes in real time, as well as the use of additive technologies in the process of restoring the health of complex technical systems.