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AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (AMA) (issn: 00845841) is a peer reviewed journal first published online after indexing scopus in 1982. AMA is published by Farm Machinery Industrial Research Corp and Shin-Norinsha Co. AMA publishes every subjects of general engineering and agricultural engineering.
WOS Indexed (2024)
05 Sep 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue- 09 )
30 Sep 2024 (Vol - 55 , Issue 09 )
Aim and Scope :
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America
AMA, Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America (ISSN: 00845841) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal covers Agricultural and Biological Sciences and all sort of engineering topic. the journal's scopes are in the following fields but not limited to:
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Electrical Engineering and Telecommunication
Electronic Engineering
Computer Science & Engineering
Civil and architectural engineering
Mechanical and Materials Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Industrial Engineering
Industrial and Commercial Design
Information Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Food Engineering
Seasonal incidence of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) in Apis cerana colonies in relation to ecological conditions
The greater wax moth Galleria mellonella L. belonging to order Lepidoptera and family Pyralidae, is an economically important and most devastating pest of honey bees. It attacks all the species of Apis and cause a great economic loss to the beekeeping industry all over the world. Seasonal incidence of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) in Apis cerana in relation to weather parameters were conducted at A. cerana apiary maintained by Department of Entomology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during January 2019 to December 2020. Pooled data on greater wax moth incidence showed that the mean population of the greater wax moth arrayed from 0.83 to 8.97. Seasonal incidence of greater wax moth started in the month of February and the highest number of larvae, pupae and adults were recorded in the month of July (13.10, 9.10 and 4.70, respectively) when the temperature relative humidity and rainfall were high and after that population declined till November. Minimum incidence of wax moth population was observed in the month of February (1.20, 1.30, 0.00) and no incidence were found in the month of December and January when the temperature and rainfall were low. It was observed that weather conditions during summer and rainy period (May to September) were more favorable for greater wax moth development in A. cerana colonies. Wax moth population has a highly significant positive correlation with temperature. While the colony strength, brood area, relative humidity and rainfall has a positive non-significant correlation with wax moth incidence. Wax moth adults showed positive significant correlation with rainfall.
Mechanized Tillage-Induced Compaction and its Effect on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Growth and Yield - A Comprehensive Review and Analysis
While agricultural engineers are concerned with physico-mechanical properties of arable soils, agronomists tackle crop management husbandry as soil scientists’ dwell on bio-chemical properties. Such diverse and isolated interests seldom report any interaction or integrated effect of biological, agronomical, and physico-mechanical parameters of soils affected by mechanized tillage induced compaction. This paper reviews intrinsic effects of mechanized tillage-induced compaction on soil-water-nutrient dynamics, crop growth, and yield of maize. Mechanized tillage induced top and subsoil compaction are caused by soil-tyre contact stresses and machinery axle loads respectively. Mechanized tillage-induced compaction reduced maize nutrient absorption levels of Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), and Sodium (Na) by 13.5%, 51.4%, 50.4% and 51.5% respectively. Maize N uptake was least affected by tillage-induced compaction compared to P and K. Mechanized tillage-induced compaction improved maize root intensity, root mass and volume by over 50% in compacted topsoils but decreased by 90% in the sublayers. Maize root length, fresh and dry root mass, shoot elongation, height, and leaf area index reduced by 29%, 39.1, 37.8, 27.1, 10-21, and 67.8% respectively. In contrast, mechanized tillage-induced compaction improved soil-seed-soil-root contacts, soil-root-bonding root density and diameter, stiffness, anchorage, and root-lodging resistance of maize. Mechanized tillage induced compaction index and bulk density range of 1.5-3.0MPa and 1.2-1.52 Mg/m3 respectively are the critical levels beyond which maize rooting, growth and yield are impaired. Dependent on dynamic soil covariates, viz limiting water range, matrix suction potential and organic matter content; mechanized tillage-induced compaction reduces maize yield by as high as 50%.
Improving Water Use Efficiency through Microbial Decomposition of Rice Straw under Wetland Rice Ecosystem
The improper usage of rice straw damages the ecosystem and injects greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The purpose of this study was to increase water productivity by recycling this enormous quantity of agricultural biomass using microbial inoculants to break it down. The present study consists of three irrigation and seven nutrient management treatments viz., Continuous flooding (CON), Flooding with early and mid season drying (EMD), Irrigation as per SRI system (SRI) were assigned to main plot. Whereas, Nutrient management (NM) viz., Rice raw straw incorporation + 100% RDF (SF1), Rice raw straw incorporation + 75% RDF + 2% Urea foliar spray (twice) (SF2), Rice raw straw incorporation with Pusa Decomposer Capsules + 100% RDF (SF1D), Rice raw straw incorporation with Pusa Decomposer Capsules + 75% RDF + 2% Urea foliar spray (twice) (SF2D), Rice raw straw incorporation with TNAU Biomineralizer + 100% RDF (SF1B), Rice raw straw incorporation with TNAU Biomineralizer + 75% RDF + 2% Urea foliar spray (twice) (SF2B), 100% RDF (F1) were allocated to sub-plot. The outcome of the study revealed that irrigation as per SRI system (SRI) significantly recorded higher WUE of 7.32 kg ha-1 mm-1 in kharif 2021 and 6.35 kg ha-1 mm-1 in summer 2022. Concerning nutrient management practices, rice raw straw incorporation with pusa decomposer capsules + 100% RDF (SF1D) recorded marked influence with the highest WUE of 6.46 in kharif 2021 and 5.41 kg ha-1 mm-1 in summer 2022.
Design and Fabrication of different electric and solar traps for Musca domestica (House fly) and field evaluation of traps in poultry unit
In the present study, different electric and solar traps for house flies using food baits as lures were fabricated and the field efficacy of the traps was evaluated in poultry units. Six different traps were designed and tested for their efficacy in luring and killing house flies. They were electric trap 6V, solar trap 6V, solar trap 12V, cylindrical solar trap, bilateral solar trap and inverted cone solar trap. All six traps were provided with electric grid for killing the trapped flies. Traps were deployed at ground level in fly infested areas in the poultry units at the layer breeder house at Poultry Research Station, Madhavaram, Chennai. The testing of each trap was repeated six times. Unbaited traps were used as control. Number of trapped flies was counted. The solar trap 12V was found to be most effective when compared to solar trap 6V and electric trap 6V. Out of the total 11065 flies trapped, 54.91 per cent (6076 flies) were trapped in the 12V solar trap followed by 35.58 per cent (3937 flies) in solar trap 6V and 9.50 per cent (1052 flies) in electric trap 6V. Variation in trap catches using electric trap 6V, solar trap 6V and solar trap 12V was highly significant statistically (χ2 value = 5170.24** p<0.01HS). The cylindrical solar trap, bilateral solar trap and inverted cone solar trap were comparatively less effective in trapping flies.
Assessment of Chemical Characteristics of Pumpkin-Mango Blended Toffee During Storage
An experiment was carried out for preparation of blended toffee from pumpkin-mango at Division of FST, SKUAST-Jammu. Pumpkin and mango pulp were blended in the ratio of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 100% pumpkin toffee as control. The prepared toffees were wrapped in butter paper followed by coloured polypropylene sheets and then packed in laminated pouches and stored at room temperature for three months. The blended product was monitored regularly for three months at ambient conditions at an interval of one month. The chemical composition indicated that the fresh toffees contained on an average of TSS (78.98 0Brix), titratable acidity (0.65 per cent), ascorbic acid (10.86 mg/100 g), β-carotene (7.72 mg/100 g), reducing sugar (24.85 per cent), total sugar (62.51 per cent), crude fibre (1.42 per cent) and crude protein (2.73 per cent). The studies indicated that the TSS, reducing and total sugars increased while acidity, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, crude fibre and crude protein decreased with the advancement of storage period. Among various combinations of blended pumpkin and mango toffee; 70:30: Pumpkin: Mango toffee was found to be better than other combinations on the basis of overall acceptability.